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15:45, 5 October 2024 ‎Phimosis (hist | edit) ‎[520 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Phimosis''' refers to when the foreskin cannot be completely retracted over the glans penis. This is physiological in early years, affects almost all newborn, but only 1% of seventh grade boys. In some, it does not spontaneously resolve. == Etiology == * Congenital * Complication of balanitis * Scarring after trauma == Treatment == * Topical glucocorticoids and stretching * Surgical incision of the constricting parts * Circumcision <...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:43, 5 October 2024 ‎Balanitis (hist | edit) ‎[700 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Balanitis''' refers to inflammation of the glans penis. Technically, the foreskin is usually inflamed as well, called '''balanoposthitis,''' but it's usually just called balanitis. == Etiology == * Poor genital hygiene * Phimosis * STD * Yeast infection * Drug reaction * Local irritants == Clinical features == * Pruritus * Pain * Oedema * Erythematous, ulcerated lesions == Diagnosis == * Clinical * Bacterial culture * KOH test for fung...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:42, 5 October 2024 ‎Priapism (hist | edit) ‎[667 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Priapism''' refers to an erection which lasts for more than 4 hours and which is not due to sexual excitation. It is not relieved by ejaculation. * Low-flow priapism ** Due to inadequate venous drainage *** Sildenafil, sickle cell disease, other drugs, thrombosis, etc. ** Treatment *** Cavernosal aspiration and irrigation *** Phenylephrine *** Surgery * High-flow priapism ** Not as urgent as low-flow, not painful ** Due to excessive...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:41, 5 October 2024 ‎Paraphimosis (hist | edit) ‎[455 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Paraphimosis''' refers to the situation where the foreskin is retracted and cannot be returned to original position. This causes oedema of the glans, which worsens the problem, potentially leading to ischaemia and necrosis. It therefore requires urgent management. == Management == * Manual reduction after anaesthesia ** Local or regional anaesthesia * Surgery * Circumcision <section end="urology" /> Category:Urology") Tag: Visual edit
15:37, 5 October 2024 ‎B32. Non-malignant intrascrotal disorders: Differential diagnosis, and treatment (hist | edit) ‎[371 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Hydrocoele = {{#lst:Hydrocoele|urology}} = Varicoele = {{#lst:Varicocoele|urology}} = Spermatocoele = {{#lst:Spermatocoele|urology}} = Inguinal hernia = ''(Inguinal hernia does not belong to urology, but rather to general surgery. I think it’s important to differentiate hydrocele from it, though.)''{{#lst:Inguinal hernia|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
15:32, 5 October 2024 ‎Spermatocoele (hist | edit) ‎[210 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Spermatocele''' is a swelling located at the upper pole of the epididymis. It's asymptomatic, harmless. It rarely requires treatment. <section end="urology" /> Category:Urology") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:29, 5 October 2024 ‎Varicocoele (hist | edit) ‎[892 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Varicocoele''' is an enlarged and tortuous pampiniform plexus in scrotum due to obstruction of the spermatic vein. It's very common (15% of men). == Etiology == * Idiopathic * Secondary to diseases which obstruct spermatic vein ** Retroperitoneal mass ** Thrombosis == Clinical features == * Typically affects left side * Dull pain * “Bag of worms” appearance * Symptoms improve when lying down ** Only in primary cases == Diagnosis ==...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:28, 5 October 2024 ‎Hydrocoele (hist | edit) ‎[1,705 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Hydrocoele''' is an accumulation of fluid between the layers of the tunica vaginalis leading to a swelling of the scrotum. It can occur in any age but is most common in infants. == Etiology == * Idiopathic ** Maybe due to impaired reabsorption of fluid by the tunica vaginalis * Lymphatic filariasis * Trauma * Tumour * Torsion * Congenital == Communicating hydrocele == * = the hydrocele communicates with the peritoneal cavity * Due to...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:24, 5 October 2024 ‎B31. Foreign bodies in the urinary tract (hist | edit) ‎[87 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Foreign bodies in the urinary tract|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
15:23, 5 October 2024 ‎Foreign bodies in the urinary tract (hist | edit) ‎[762 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />* Most foreign bodies find their way into the urethra or bladder * Etiology ** Sexual curiosity ** Iatrogenic * Clinical features ** Obstruction ** Local pain ** UTI * Diagnosis ** Anamnesis ** KUB x-ray – if the object is radiopaque ** CT – if object is radiolucent * Treatment ** Endoscopic extraction through urethra *** First choice ** Extraction through suprapubic cystotomy *** Objects in posterior urethra can be relocated to the bladder...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:22, 5 October 2024 ‎B30. Injuries of the bladder, urethra, penis, and scrotum (hist | edit) ‎[84 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Lower genitourinary tract injury|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
15:21, 5 October 2024 ‎Lower genitourinary tract injury (hist | edit) ‎[2,089 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" /> == Bladder injury == * Etiology ** Pelvic fracture ** Iatrogenic * Diagnosis ** CT cystography * Types ** Intraperitoneal -> injury communicates with peritoneum *** Damage of bladder dome, which is intraperitoneal ** Extraperitoneal -> injury is confined to extraperitoneal space *** The rest of the bladder is extraperitoneal * Clinical features ** Gross haematuria ** Suprapubic pain ** Inability to urinate ** Intraperitoneal -> peritoneal irri...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:19, 5 October 2024 ‎B29. Injuries of the kidney and ureter: Etiology, evaluation, classification, and management (hist | edit) ‎[76 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Kidney and ureter trauma|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
15:18, 5 October 2024 ‎Kidney and ureter trauma (hist | edit) ‎[1,687 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" /> == Kidney trauma == * Epidemiology ** Kidney injury occurs in 1 – 5% of all trauma ** Kidney injury is the most common genitourinary injury * Etiology ** Blunt trauma to abdomen ** Penetrating wounds of abdomen ** Motor vehicle accidents * Suspicious features ** Haematuria ** Pain ** Bruising ** Haematoma ** Fracture of lower ribs * Evaluation ** Contrast...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:13, 5 October 2024 ‎B28. Ptosis of the kidney: Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments (hist | edit) ‎[64 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Nephroptosis|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
15:13, 5 October 2024 ‎Nephroptosis (hist | edit) ‎[1,457 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Nephroptosis''' is a condition when the kidney which is not fixed to the retroperitoneum and therefore “floats”. The kidney will drop > 5 cm or > 2 vertebral columns when switching from supine to upright position. It's more common in thin females. In the upright position, the renal artery or pelvis may be compressed, causing renal ischaemia or upper urinary tract obstruction. == Clinical features == * Often asymptomatic * Feeling of he...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:02, 5 October 2024 ‎B27. Urinary obstruction and stasis: Differential diagnosis and management (hist | edit) ‎[77 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Urinary tract obstruction|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
15:02, 5 October 2024 ‎Urinary tract obstruction (hist | edit) ‎[3,410 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Urinary tract obstruction''' (UTO) is when there is blockage of urine anywhere in the urinary tract. It may be acute or chronic, and it may be unilateral or bilateral. We can also distinguish upper UTO from lower based on whether it occurs at the level above or below the bladder, respectively. The obstruction may be complete (no urine can pass) or incomplete. UTO may cause (postrenal) acute kidney injury and, if left untreated, chronic...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
16:44, 27 September 2024 ‎B26. Non-medical treatment of urolithiasis: Therapeutic modalities, indications, and contraindications (hist | edit) ‎[129 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Kidney stone disease|urology intro}} {{#lst:Kidney stone disease|urology management 2}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
16:43, 27 September 2024 ‎B25. Management and medical treatment of patients with urinary stones (hist | edit) ‎[127 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Kidney stone disease|urology intro}} {{#lst:Kidney stone disease|urology management}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
16:05, 27 September 2024 ‎B24. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of urolithiasis (hist | edit) ‎[125 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Kidney stone disease|urology clinical}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
16:02, 27 September 2024 ‎B23. Urinary stone: Epidemiology, composition, and etiology of specific stone types (hist | edit) ‎[122 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Kidney stone disease|urology stone}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
15:54, 27 September 2024 ‎A9. Cystourethroscopy: Requirements, technique, and indications (hist | edit) ‎[62 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Cystoscopy|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:52, 27 September 2024 ‎B22. Specific infections of the genitourinary tract (hist | edit) ‎[225 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Genitourinary tuberculosis = {{#lst:Genitourinary tuberculosis|urology}} = Schistosomiasis = {{#lst:schistosomiasis|urology}} = Lymphatic filariasis = {{#lst:Lymphatic filariasis|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:44, 27 September 2024 ‎Lymphatic filariasis (hist | edit) ‎[1,019 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Lymphatic filariasis''' is a tropical parasitic infection caused by nematode parasites of the family Filariodidea, also called simply filarial parasites. The disease is also called '''elephantiasis''' due to the typical symptoms where severe lymphoedema causes severe swelling of the extremities. The filarial parasites are transmitted to humans through mosquitoes. * Epidemiology ** Endemic in tropical countries * Pathogenesis ** Caused by th...") Tag: Visual edit
15:39, 27 September 2024 ‎Schistosomiasis (hist | edit) ‎[1,013 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Schistosomiasis''' is a parasitic infection caused by Schistosoma parasite. Schistosoma haematobium causes urogenital/genitourinary schistosomiasis while other Schistostoma species cause intestinal schistosomiasis. The parasite lives in contaminated water. The parasite penetrates the skin and enters the circulation, from where it may infect the bladder or the intestines. It may take years for symptoms to appear. Urogenital schistosomiasis no...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:33, 27 September 2024 ‎Genitourinary tuberculosis (hist | edit) ‎[1,058 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Genitourinary tuberculosis''' refers to tuberculosis which has spread to urinary tract. Genitourinary TB is the second most common extrapulmonary manifestation of TB after lymph node. The bacteria spreads haematogenously to kidney -> bacteria descend. It's very rare. * A potential very rare complication of intravesical BCG * Genitourinary TB presents 5 – 25 years after initial infection * Clinical features ** Dysuria ** Flank pain **...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:28, 27 September 2024 ‎B21. Kidney infection: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment (hist | edit) ‎[102 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "''See topic B19 for pyelonephritis/upper urinary tract infection.'' Category:Urology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
15:26, 27 September 2024 ‎B20. Prostatitis and lower urinary tract infections in men: Diagnosis and treatment (hist | edit) ‎[395 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "''For lower urinary tract infection in general, see topic B19.'' = Acute bacterial prostatitis = {{#lst:Acute bacterial prostatitis|urology}} = Chronic bacterial prostatitis = {{#lst:Chronic bacterial prostatitis|urology}} = Chronic pelvic pain syndrome = {{#lst:Chronic pelvic pain syndrome|urology}} = Acute epididymitis = {{#lst:Acute epididymitis|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:23, 27 September 2024 ‎Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (hist | edit) ‎[775 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Chronic pelvic pain syndrome''' (CPPS), also called '''chronic non-bacterial prostatitis''', is a condition with chronic or recurrent urogenital symptoms (like chronic bacterial prostatitis) but without evidence of bacterial infection. * Types ** Inflammatory type (WBCs in four-glass test) ** Non-inflammatory type (no WBCs) * Clinical features ** Pain or discomfort *** Perineal, suprapubic, rectal, etc. ** Pain upon ejaculation ** Bloo...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:20, 27 September 2024 ‎Chronic bacterial prostatitis (hist | edit) ‎[1,639 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Chronic bacterial prostatitis''' refers to chronic or recurrent urogenital symptoms with evidence of bacterial infection of the prostate, usually defined as symptoms > 3 of the last 6 months. It's relatively rare. * Etiology ** Often a complication of acute bacterial prostatitis, due to inadequate or too short treatment * Clinical features ** Same as acute, but intermittent and less severe ** No systemic symptoms * Diagnosis ** Meares-...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:14, 27 September 2024 ‎Acute bacterial prostatitis (hist | edit) ‎[910 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Acute bacterial prostatitis''' is a severe infection of the prostate. It typically affects young and middle-aged men and is usually associated with a lower UTI. Untreated it can progress to sepsis, prostatic abscess, and endocarditis. * Etiology ** UTIs ** Genitourinary tract interventions * Clinical features ** High fever ** Pain *** Perineal or pelvic area *** On defecation ** Dysuria ** Frequency * Diagnosis ** Urinalysis **...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
15:06, 27 September 2024 ‎B19. Lower urinary tract infections in women: Classification, pathogenesis, and management (hist | edit) ‎[225 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "''Rather than splitting the topic into female (B19), male (B20), and pyelonephritis (B21) I think it makes more sense to consider UTI as a whole.'' {{#lst:Urinary tract infection|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
14:21, 26 September 2024 ‎Urinary tract infection (hist | edit) ‎[7,248 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />A '''urinary tract infection''' (UTI) generally refers to any infection at any location of the urinary tract and is almost always bacterial. We distinguish upper UTI and lower UTI depending on the location of the infection. Lower UTI is much more common and includes '''cystitis''' (most common) and possibly prostatitis. Cystitis is often technically accompanied by urethritis but we generally just call lower UTI "cystitis". Urethritis in i...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
13:09, 26 September 2024 ‎B18. Congenital anomalies of the gonads and vesicourethral unit (bladder, urethra) (hist | edit) ‎[319 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Congenital anomalies of the testes = {{#lst:Congenital anomalies of the testes|urology}} = Congenital anomalies of the bladder = {{#lst:Congenital anomalies of the urinary bladder|urology}} = Congenital anomalies of the urethra = {{#lst:Congenital anomalies of the urethra|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
13:08, 26 September 2024 ‎Congenital anomalies of the urethra (hist | edit) ‎[586 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" /> == Posterior urethral valve == * = tissue which obstructs the posterior urethra * Common cause of urinary tract obstruction in newborn males ** Only affects males * Associated with pulmonary hypoplasia * Diagnosis by voiding cystogram * Treatment: Valve ablation with cystoscopy == Hypospadias == * External urethral opening on ventral penis * Only symptomatic cases require surgery == Epispadias == * External urethral opening on dorsal peni...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
13:07, 26 September 2024 ‎Congenital anomalies of the urinary bladder (hist | edit) ‎[235 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" /> == Bladder extrophy == * Male > female * Bladder is herniated through defect in abdominal wall * Associated with separation of pubic bones * Treatment: surgery <section end="urology" /> Category:Urology") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
13:05, 26 September 2024 ‎Congenital anomalies of the testes (hist | edit) ‎[1,435 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />== Cryptorchidism == Cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testicles to descend into scrotum. Untreated, it increases the risk for testicular cancer, infertility, and testicular torsion. * 1% of boys ** It’s the most common congenital anomaly of genitourinary tract * Risk factors ** Prematurity * Diagnosis ** Testis cannot be palpated in the scrotum * Treatment ** Many spontaneously descent, but not after 6 months ** Withi...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
12:55, 26 September 2024 ‎A16. Role of minimal invasive procedures in urology (hist | edit) ‎[1,090 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />A minimally invasive procedure usually refers to a laparoscopic surgery, but one can also consider cystoscopic procedures like ureteral stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy as minimally invasive procedures as well. Laparoscopy and robot-assisted techniques are widely used in urology. Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) may be associated with less bleeding and shorter hospital stay than open surgery. K...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
12:39, 26 September 2024 ‎Ureteral stent (hist | edit) ‎[1,071 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />A '''ureteral stent''' is a small tube which is inserted into the ureter to keep them open. Urine can flow through this tube and bypass any obstruction. They are also called '''double J stents''' due to the ends of the stents being J-shaped and are therefore sometimes called '''JJ''' or '''DJ stents'''. Ureteral stenting is usually performed retrograde from the bladder by cystoscopy. Once in the bladder, the ureteral orifice is cannulated...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
12:19, 26 September 2024 ‎B17. Congenital anomalies of the nephric system (kidney, pyelon, ureter) (hist | edit) ‎[303 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Congenital anomalies of the kidney = {{#lst:Congenital anomalies of the kidney|urology}} = Ureteropelvic junction obstruction = {{#lst:Ureteropelvic junction obstruction|urology}} = Congenital vesicoureteral reflux = {{#lst:Congenital vesicoureteral reflux|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)")
12:18, 26 September 2024 ‎Congenital vesicoureteral reflux (hist | edit) ‎[536 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />* Etiology ** Duplicated ureter ** Ectopic ureter ** Ureterocoele ** Posterior urethral valves * Causes hydronephrosis in utero ** In most cases hydronephrosis is diagnosed in utero by US * Causes recurrent UTIs and kidney failure in children * Diagnosis ** Ultrasound ** Voiding cystography * Treatment ** VUR often improves spontaneously ** Prophylactic antibiotics ** Bladder training ** Endoscopic injection ** Surgical correction if the reflux...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
12:17, 26 September 2024 ‎Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (hist | edit) ‎[397 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />* Male > female * Etiology: malformation of ureter * Causes hydronephrosis in utero ** Most common cause of abdominal mass in children ** In most cases hydronephrosis is diagnosed in utero by US * Diagnosis ** Ultrasound ** IV urography * Treatment ** Observation in asymptomatic cases ** Surgical correction if symptomatic <section end="urology" /> Category:Urology") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
12:16, 26 September 2024 ‎Congenital anomalies of the kidney (hist | edit) ‎[1,075 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />* Congenital solitary kidney ** Usually asymptomatic *** However, they have a higher risk for kidney disease and should be monitored regularly ** The remaining kidney is usually hypertrophic ** Anatomical congenital solitary kidney *** The other kidney is absent (renal agenesis) ** Functional congenital solitary kidney *** The other kidney is non-functional *** Renal aplasia, renal dysplasia, or renal hypoplasia * Horseshoe kidney ** The left a...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
11:12, 26 September 2024 ‎A15. Evaluation and management of urological emergencies: Renal colic, suprapubic pain, acute scrotum, gross haematuria, anuria, and urinary retention (hist | edit) ‎[484 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Renal colic = {{#lst:Kidney stone disease|urology colic}} = Acute scrotum = {{#lst:Acute scrotum|urology}} = Testicular torsion = {{#lst:Testicular torsion|urology}} = Fournier gangrene = {{#lst:Fournier gangrene|urology}} = Acute epididymitis = {{#lst:Acute epididymitis|urology}} = Acute urinary retention = {{#lst:Acute urinary retention|urology}} Category:Urology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
11:08, 26 September 2024 ‎Acute urinary retention (hist | edit) ‎[6,025 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Acute urinary retention''' refers to when there is an acute inability to pass urine. It's a urological emergency which can cause permanent injury to the bladder and kidneys, severe suprapubic pain, and bladder rupture in severe cases. Initial management involves bladder catheterisation to drain the bladder. Urinary retention is more common in males, mostly because of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urinary retention can also be Chroni...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
09:53, 26 September 2024 ‎Acute epididymitis (hist | edit) ‎[1,466 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Acute epididymitis''' is the acute inflammation of the epididymis. It's one of the most common cause of acute scrotum. Symptoms include unilateral scrotal pain and swelling, usually of gradual onset. 50% of acute epididymis cases also include inflammation of the testicles, called '''epididymo-orchitis'''. == Etiology == Acute epididymitis is most commonly due to a sexually transmitted infection like Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chl...") Tag: Visual edit
14:42, 23 September 2024 ‎Fournier gangrene (hist | edit) ‎[875 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Perineal necrotising soft tissue infection''', commonly called '''Fournier gangrene''', is a necrotising soft tissue infection occuring in the perineum, scrotum, and penis. It's a polymicrobial infection with bacteria entering the region through abscess, fissure, fistula, colon perforation, etc. It's more common in immunocompromised people. Fournier gangrene is a urological emergency as it has a high (20%) mortality and requires urgent trea...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
14:36, 23 September 2024 ‎Testicular torsion (hist | edit) ‎[1,736 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Testicular torsion''' refers to sudden twisting of spermatic cord, usually internal rotation. 1/3 of cases are due to external rotation. It's most frequent in childhood and adolescents. It's mostly idiopathic, but in some cases it may be related to bell-clapper deformity. It causes abrupt onset testicular pain and a swollen testicle and is therefore one cause of acute scrotum. The testicle lies transversally in the scrotum rather than lo...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
14:29, 23 September 2024 ‎Acute scrotum (hist | edit) ‎[390 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="urology" />'''Acute scrotum''' refers to acute pain in the scrotum that develops over the course of minutes or a few days. Causes range from urological emergencies which are life-threatening to harmless. == Causes == * Testicular torsion * Fournier gangrene * Acute epididymitis * Trauma * Inguinal hernia <section end="urology" /> Category:Urology") Tag: Visual edit