User contributions for Nikolas
27 March 2024
- 09:2109:21, 27 March 2024 diff hist +57 N B48. The notion and statement of brain death. Medico-legal prerequisites. Created page with "{{:Brain death}} Category:Surgery final (POTE course)" current Tag: Visual edit
26 March 2024
- 20:4120:41, 26 March 2024 diff hist +1,640 N Procalcitonin Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Procalcitonin''' (PCT) is a prohormone for calcitonin, a calcium-regulating hormone. The level of PCT increases in case of some infections. PCT used to look very promising as a tool to distinguish between bacterial infection and other causes of inflammation (as a more specific alternative to CRP), but more recent research have dampened these hopes as it turns out to not be as specific for bacterial infections as previou..." current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 20:1720:17, 26 March 2024 diff hist +174 N 16. Assessment of acute phase proteins, diagnosis and monitoring of sepsis Created page with "= Acute phase proteins = {{#lst:Acute phase proteins|clinical biochemistry}} = Sepsis = {{#lst:Sepsis|clinical biochemistry}} Category:Clinical Biochemistry (POTE course)" current Tag: Visual edit
- 20:1620:16, 26 March 2024 diff hist −5,488 87. Definitions and causes of sepsis and trauma No edit summary Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 20:1520:15, 26 March 2024 diff hist +5,831 N Sepsis Created page with "<section begin="pathophysiology" /><section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Sepsis''' is an acute life-threatening condition characterised by organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, usually bacterial. It’s related to SIRS in pathomechanism. It has a very high mortality rate and can lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and death.<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> == Definition == Sepsis is accurately defined as “A..." Tag: Visual edit
- 20:0720:07, 26 March 2024 diff hist +42 C-reactive protein No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 20:0520:05, 26 March 2024 diff hist +142 C-reactive protein No edit summary Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 20:0420:04, 26 March 2024 diff hist +2,469 N Acute phase protein Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Acute phase proteins''' (APPs), also called '''acute phase reactants''', are proteins whose synthesis is up- or downregulated in case of inflammation, both acute and chronic (despite the name). This is called the '''acute phase reaction''' or '''acute phase response''', which is part of the body's defence against microbes. Acute phase proteins are produced in the liver. == Triggers of the acute phase reaction == When certa..." Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 19:3419:34, 26 March 2024 diff hist +81 Polyclonal gammopathy No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
- 19:3319:33, 26 March 2024 diff hist +92 Monoclonal gammopathy No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
- 19:3219:32, 26 March 2024 diff hist +275 N 15. Disorders of immunoglobulins and paraproteins Created page with "= Monoclonal gammopathy = {{#lst:Monoclonal gammopathy|clinical biochemistry}} = Multiple myeloma = {{#lst:Multiple myeloma|clinical biochemistry}} = Polyclonal gammopathy = {{#lst:Polyclonal gammopathy|clinical biochemistry}} Category:Clinical Biochemistry (POTE course)" current Tag: Visual edit
- 19:3119:31, 26 March 2024 diff hist +476 N Polyclonal gammopathy Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Polyclonal gammopathy''' refers to any condition where there is excessive amounts of polyclonal gammaglobulin in the blood. Polyclonal gammopathy is the opposite of monoclonal gammopathy. Polyclonal gammopathy is a part of the regular immunologial response to any infection and many forms of inflammation, where B cells produce antibodies (immunoglobulins).<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Pathology" Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 19:2719:27, 26 March 2024 diff hist +240 Multiple myeloma No edit summary current
- 19:2519:25, 26 March 2024 diff hist +583 N Monoclonal gammopathy Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Monoclonal gammopathy''' refers to any condition where there is excessive amounts of a monoclonal gammaglobulin in the blood. These monoclonal gammaglobulins are called "M proteins". Monoclonal gammopathy is the opposite of polyclonal gammopathy. The following are the most common monoclonal gammopathies: * Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (most common) * Multiple myeloma * Waldenström macro..." Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 19:1819:18, 26 March 2024 diff hist +630 N 14. Disturbances of non-immunoglobulin plasma proteins Created page with "= Albumin = {{#lst:Albumin|clinical biochemistry}} = Prealbumin = {{#lst:Prealbumin|clinical biochemistry}} = Alpha-1 antitrypsin = {{#lst:Alpha-1 antitrypsin|clinical biochemistry}} = Alpha-1 microglobulin = {{#lst:Alpha-1 microglobulin|clinical biochemistry}} = Beta-2 microglobulin = {{#lst:Beta-2 microglobulin|clinical biochemistry}} = Caeruloplasmin = {{#lst:Caeruloplasmin|clinical biochemistry}} = Thyroid-binding globulin = {{#lst:Thyroid-binding globulin|clinical b..." current Tag: Visual edit
- 19:1419:14, 26 March 2024 diff hist +796 Albumin No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
- 18:3118:31, 26 March 2024 diff hist +344 Thyroid-binding globulin No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 15:2315:23, 26 March 2024 diff hist +143 N Thyroid-binding globulin Created page with "'''Thyroid-binding globulin''' is a globular plasma protein whose function is to bind and transport thyroxine and triiodothyronine." Tag: Visual edit
- 15:1415:14, 26 March 2024 diff hist +778 N Sex hormone binding globulin Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Sex hormone binding globulin''' (SHBG) is a globular plasma protein whose function is to bind and transport testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and oestradiol. Measurement of SHBG is important because only the unbound fraction of sex hormones in the plasma is biologically active, and so when evaluating sex hormonal disorders one can only determine the biologically active fraction of sex hormones is one also knows th..." current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 15:0615:06, 26 March 2024 diff hist +318 N Caeruloplasmin Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Caeruloplasmin''' is a copper-binding plasma protein synthesised in the liver. It's a positive acute phase protein. Low levels of caeruloplasmin is suggestive (but not diagnostic of) Wilson disease.<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Physiology" current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 15:0315:03, 26 March 2024 diff hist +448 N Beta-2 microglobulin Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Beta-2 microglobulin''' is a globular plasma protein and a component of MHC class I molecules, meaning that it exists on all nucleated cells. It can be measured in the urine as a marker of proteinuria. Elevated levels is a poor prognostic factor in lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, multiple myeloma, and AIDS.<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Physiology" current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 15:0215:02, 26 March 2024 diff hist +86 N Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia Redirected page to Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) current Tags: New redirect Visual edit
- 14:5514:55, 26 March 2024 diff hist +360 N Alpha-1 microglobulin Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Alpha-1 microglobulin''' (A1M) is a small globular plasma protein synthesised by the liver. Its function is to bind and degrade haeme. It's not a very important molecule clinically. It may be measured in urine as an indicator of proteinuria.<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Physiology" current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 14:5214:52, 26 March 2024 diff hist +365 N Alpha-1 antitrypsin Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Alpha-1 antitrypsin''' (A1AT) is a plasma protein and a protease inhibitor. It protects tissues from proteases like neutrophil elastase. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency predisposes to pulmonary emphysema (a form of COPD) and cirrhosis.<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Physiology" current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 14:4714:47, 26 March 2024 diff hist +524 N Albumin Created page with "<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Albumin''', more specifically '''human serum albumin''', is a plasma protein whose main function is to transport bioactive molecules and to maintain oncotic pressure. It's a negative acute phase protein. Bisalbuminaemia is a harmless disorder where a person has two "peaks" in the albumin fraction on serum electrophoresis, showing that the person produces both normal and a mutated abnormal albumin.<section end="..." Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 14:4214:42, 26 March 2024 diff hist +28 N Plasma proteins Nikolas moved page Plasma proteins to Plasma protein current Tag: New redirect
- 14:4214:42, 26 March 2024 diff hist 0 m Plasma protein Nikolas moved page Plasma proteins to Plasma protein current
- 14:3814:38, 26 March 2024 diff hist +80 Prealbumin No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 14:3814:38, 26 March 2024 diff hist +237 N Prealbumin Created page with "{{:Stub}} '''Prealbumin''' is a negative acute phase protein. It binds thyroxin (T3) and vitamin A in the serum. It's sometimes used as a marker of nutritional status but it performs very poorly as such a marker. Category:Physiology" Tag: Visual edit
- 14:3514:35, 26 March 2024 diff hist +454 N 13. Laboratory analysis of plasma enzymes Created page with "* Enzymes ** Measurement based on enzyme activity ** Enzyme + substrate -> *** coloured product -> photometry *** or a secondary reaction which forms a coloured product -> photometry *** or there is a change in NADH -> photometry with UV light ** 1 unit = 1 µmol substrate per minute ** U/L = µmol/min/L * Most frequently measured enzymes ** ASAT ** ALAT ** GGT ** ALP ** LDH ** CK ** Amylase ** Lipase Category:Clinical Biochemistry (POTE course)" current Tag: Visual edit
23 March 2024
- 15:4315:43, 23 March 2024 diff hist +1 B11. Hyperandrogenic disorders, PCOS No edit summary Tag: Visual edit
- 15:3915:39, 23 March 2024 diff hist +168 B10. Treatment of endometriosis No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
- 15:3115:31, 23 March 2024 diff hist 0 B2. Congenital anomalies of the genital tract (diagnosis and therapy) No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
21 March 2024
- 21:4521:45, 21 March 2024 diff hist +194 N 12. Laboratory analysis of plasma proteins Created page with "= Plasma proteins = {{#lst:plasma proteins|clinical biochemistry}} = Serum electrophoresis = {{#lst:serum electrophoresis|clinical biochemistry}} Category:Clinical Biochemistry (POTE course)" current Tag: Visual edit
- 21:4421:44, 21 March 2024 diff hist +100 Plasma protein No edit summary Tag: Visual edit
- 21:4221:42, 21 March 2024 diff hist +497 N Serum electrophoresis Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> * Serum electrophoresis ** Prealbumin=transthyretin ** Albumin ** Alpha-1 band *** alpha1-antitrypsin *** alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) *** alpha1-microglobulin ** Alpha-2 band *** Haptoglobin *** alpha2-macroglobulin *** Caeruloplasmin ** Beta band *** Transferrin *** Beta2-microglobulin *** Complement factors ** Between beta and gamma *** CRP ** Gamma band *** Immunoglobulins <section end="clinical biochemistry" /> [..." current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:4021:40, 21 March 2024 diff hist +1,419 N Plasma protein Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> * Total protein ** Biuret test (copper forms purple complex with proteins in alkaline solution) ** Colour intensity proportional to protein concentration – photometry * Albumin ** Albumin forms green complex with BCG at pH 4,1 ** Photometry * Specific proteins ** Measurement based on immunogenicity – use of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies ** Immunoassay – biochemical test measuring concentration of protein b..." Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:3821:38, 21 March 2024 diff hist +154 N 11. Clinical biochemistry of osteoporosis. Laboratory tests to assess joint and bone disorders. Created page with "= Bone = {{#lst:bone|clinical biochemistry}} = Osteoporosis = {{#lst:osteoporosis|clinical biochemistry}} Category:Clinical Biochemistry (POTE course)" current Tag: Visual edit
- 21:3721:37, 21 March 2024 diff hist +623 Osteoporosis No edit summary Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:3021:30, 21 March 2024 diff hist +1,041 N Bone Created page with "{{:stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> * bone ** 65% minerals (hydroxyapatite) ** 35% matrix *** Collagen *** Osteoblasts *** Osteoclasts * Markers ** High biological and analytical variability *** Diurnal variation *** Seasonal variation *** Food intake *** Exercise ** Made in same lab, collected at same time * Markers of bone formation ** Total alkaline phosphatase ** '''Bone specific alkaline phosphatase''' ** Osteocalcin – increased in high bone turno..." current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:2621:26, 21 March 2024 diff hist +648 N 10. Laboratory approaches for the detection of disorders in calcium, magnesium and phosphate homeostasis Created page with "= Calcium = {{#lst:calcium|clinical biochemistry}} = Hypocalcaemia = {{#lst:hypocalcaemia|clinical biochemistry}} = Hypercalcaemia = {{#lst:hypercalcaemia|clinical biochemistry}} = Magnesium = {{#lst:magnesium|clinical biochemistry}} = Hypomagnesaemia = {{#lst:hypomagnesaemia|clinical biochemistry}} = Hypermagnesaemia = {{#lst:hypermagnesaemia|clinical biochemistry}} = Phosphate = {{#lst:phosphate|clinical biochemistry}} = Hypophosphataemia = {{#lst:hypophosphataemia|cli..." current Tag: Visual edit
- 21:2321:23, 21 March 2024 diff hist +858 N Calcium Created page with "{{:Stub}}<section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> '''Calcium''' is an ion in the body. * Roles ** Comprises bone ** 1 kg in adults *** 99% in bone ** Muscle contraction ** Neurotransmission ** Membrane transport ** Enzymes ** Coagulation * 45% free * 45% protein bound * 10% anion bound * Regulation ** Kidney ** PTH *** Decreased calcium stimulates PTH *** Increased phosphate stimulates PTH *** Increases Ca2+ reabsorption in tubule *** Increases phosphate excretion in..." current Tag: Visual edit
- 21:2021:20, 21 March 2024 diff hist +357 N Hyperphosphataemia Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Hyperphosphataemia''' refers to a pathologically high phosphate level, approximately > 1,50 mmol/L. It can be present in case of chronic kidney disease (most common), tumor lysis syndrome, rhabdomyolysis, acidosis.<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Pathophysiology" Tag: Visual edit
- 21:1821:18, 21 March 2024 diff hist +314 N Hypophosphataemia Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> '''Hypophosphataemia''' refers to a pathologically low phosphate level, approximately < 0,75 mmol/L. It can be present in case of alcoholism, malnourishment, hyperparathyroidism.<section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Pathophysiology" current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:1421:14, 21 March 2024 diff hist +416 N Phosphate Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> '''Phosphate''' is a group of anions in the body. The normal level is approximately 0,75 - 1,50 mmol/L. Most of phosphate in the body exists in the skeleton as part of hydroxyapatite. Pathologically low or high phosphate levels is called hypophosphataemia and hyperphosphataema, respectively. Category:Physiology <section end="clinical biochemistry" />" Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:1021:10, 21 March 2024 diff hist +29 Magnesium No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
- 21:0921:09, 21 March 2024 diff hist +234 N Hyperchloraemia Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> * Hyperchloraemia ** (Normal anion gap) Metabolic acidosis (RTA, diarrhoea) ** Dehydration ** Excessive IV saline <section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Pathophysiology" current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:0821:08, 21 March 2024 diff hist +185 N Hypochloraemia Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> * Hypochloraemia ** Vomiting ** Diuretics ** Metabolic alkalosis <section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Pathophysiology" current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:0821:08, 21 March 2024 diff hist +182 N Chloride Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> * Roles ** Maintains osmolality, electric neutrality, blood volume <section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Physiology" current Tag: Visual edit
- 21:0621:06, 21 March 2024 diff hist +174 N Hypermagnesaemia Created page with "{{:stub}} <section begin="clinical biochemistry" /> * Hypermagnesaemia ** Renal failure ** Rhabdomyolysis <section end="clinical biochemistry" /> Category:Pathophysiology" current Tag: Visual edit