New pages
- 17:47, 17 July 2024 Varicella (hist | edit) [1,168 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with " * Varicella (chickenpox) ** Primary infection during childhood ** Lasts 6 days in immunocompetent persons ** Transmission *** Highly contagious *** Airborne transmission *** Incubation period 2 weeks ** Clinical features *** Lesions covering the entire body *** Severe pruritus *** Macules -> papules -> vesicles with erythematous base -> crusts **** All of these stages are present simultaneously, which is a hallmark for the disease *** Fever ** Virus remains latent in se...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:11, 15 July 2024 A7. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections of the skin (hist | edit) [90 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Herpes simplex virus infection|dermatology}} Category:Dermatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
- 21:10, 15 July 2024 Herpes simplex virus infection (hist | edit) [1,994 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="dermatology" />* Herpes viruses ** α herpes viruses *** Lie latent in sensory ganglia neurons *** Replicate quickly *** Herpes simplex 1 *** Herpes simplex 2 *** Varicella zoster virus ** β herpes viruses *** Lie latent in leukocytes *** Human herpes virus 6 – roseola infantum/sixth disease *** Human herpes virus 7 *** CMV ** γ herpes viruses *** Lie latent in lymphocytes *** Human herpes virus 8 *** <abbr>EBV</abbr> *** Are oncogenic * HS...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:08, 15 July 2024 A6. Skin diseases caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) (hist | edit) [91 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Human papilloma virus infection|dermatology}} Category:Dermatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
- 21:08, 15 July 2024 Human papilloma virus infection (hist | edit) [1,843 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="dermatology" />* Warts (verruca) ** Histology *** Hyperkeratosis (hyperplasia of str. corneum) *** Acanthosis (hyperplasia of epidermis) *** Papillomatosis ** Hard papules/plaques ** Risk factors *** Immunosuppression ** Due to HPV ** Verruca vulgaris (common wart) *** HPV 1, 2, 4, 7 *** Most common in kids *** On elbows, knees, fingers, palms *** Skin-coloured or whitish, rough, scaly papules *** Cauliflower-appearance ** Verruca plana (flat w...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 21:05, 15 July 2024 A5. Leg ulcer (hist | edit) [233 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Leg ulcer = {{#lst:Leg ulcer|dermatology}} = Peripheral artery disease = {{#lst:Peripheral artery disease|dermatology}} = Chronic venous disorder = {{#lst:Chronic venous disorder|dermatology}}") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 14:36, 10 July 2024 Blood culture (hist | edit) [4,013 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Blood culture''' is an examination for bacteraemia where blood is sampled and collected in special flasks which contain a medium which provides bacteria and fungi with the resources they need to grow. It's a commonly used examination in the hospital and is indicated when there are signs of invasive bacterial or fungal infection. Because the bacteria are cultured, it's possible to perform antibiotic resistance analysis of any bacteria which are present, which is v...") Tag: Visual edit
- 20:58, 26 June 2024 Leg ulcer (hist | edit) [800 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "* Etiology ** Chronic venous disease ** Peripheral artery disease ** Neuropathic ulcer *** Diabetes ** Decubitus ** Trauma ** Infections ** Dermatoses (<abbr>SLE</abbr>, pyoderma gangrenosum) ** Neoplastic * Morphology ** Venous ulcer *** Above the ankle *** Mild pain **** Pain improves when raising leg *** Shallow ulcer ** Arterial ulcer *** Punched-out well-defined ulcer *** Pressure points of the legs (malleolus, toes) *** Severe pain **** Pain worsens when raising le...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 12:47, 18 June 2024 A4. Atopic dermatitis (hist | edit) [77 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Atopic dermatitis|dermatology}} Category:Dermatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:46, 18 June 2024 Atopic dermatitis (hist | edit) [1,222 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" />* Affects 10% of children, but only 1 – 3% of adults * Associated with other atopic diseases ** Asthma ** Allergic rhinitis * Etiology ** Polygenic inheritance ** Environmental riggers *** Dust *** Heat *** Infection *** Skin irritation * Pathophysiology ** Epidermal skin barrier defect *** -> water loss *** -> allergens can penetrate barrier ** Abnormal immune response * Clinical features ** Morphology *** Acute **** Erythematous maculop...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 12:46, 18 June 2024 A3. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (hist | edit) [178 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Basal cell carcinoma = {{#lst:Basal cell carcinoma|dermatology}} = Squamous cell carcinoma = {{#lst:Squamous cell carcinoma|dermatology}} Category:Dermatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:44, 18 June 2024 Squamous cell carcinoma (hist | edit) [1,498 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" /> * Second most common skin cancer * Risk factors ** Chronic sun exposure ** Precancerous lesions *** Actinic keratosis *** Bowen disease (SCC in situ) *** Leukoplakia ** Radiation ** Chronic scars, ulcers ** Arsenic, tar * Clinical features ** Painless, non-healing, bleeding ulcer or nodule ** Rapid growing ** On sun-exposed areas *** Face and neck *** Lower lip * Prognosis ** 5% risk of metastasis * Diagnosis ** Punch biopsy * Treatment **...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:44, 18 June 2024 Basal cell carcinoma (hist | edit) [1,940 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" /> * Most common skin cancer * Related to mutations in the hedgehog pathway * Risk factors ** Chronic sun exposure ** Old age ** Skin types I and II * Clinical features ** Pearly papule or nodule ** Rolled border ** Central crater of ulceration ** On sun-exposed skin *** Usually upper lip/nose area ** Slow growing * Types ** Nodular BCC *** Most common type ** Superficial BCC *** On trunk *** Flat plaque lesion ** Nevoid basal cell carcinoma...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:42, 18 June 2024 A2. Pyodermas (hist | edit) [423 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Impetigo = {{#lst:Impetigo|dermatology}} = Cellulitis = {{#lst:Cellulitis|dermatology}} = Erysipelas = {{#lst:Erysipelas|dermatology}} = Necrotising soft tissue infection = {{#lst:Necrotising soft tissue infection|dermatology}} = Folliculitis = {{#lst:Folliculitis|dermatology}} = Furuncle and carbuncle = {{#lst:Furuncle and carbuncle|dermatology}} = Skin abscess = * Large nodule") Tag: Visual edit: Switched originally created as "2. Pyodermas"
- 12:40, 18 June 2024 Furuncle and carbuncle (hist | edit) [229 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" />* Furuncle ** Well-demarcated, firm, painful, purulent nodule ** Large red base ** Subcutaneous abscess * Carbuncle ** Coalescence of furuncles <section end="dermatology" /> Category:Dermatology") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 12:39, 18 June 2024 Folliculitis (hist | edit) [332 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" />* Inflammation of follicle * Any age group * Terminal or vellus hairs * Usually bacterial ** Mainly staph aureus * Clinical features ** Tender papule/pustule of hair follicle * Treatment ** Dicloxacillin ** Incision and drainage for large lesions <section end="dermatology" /> Category:Dermatology") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 12:37, 18 June 2024 Erysipelas (hist | edit) [870 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" />* Special type of cellulitis caused by strep pyogenes * Epidemiology ** Children ** Poor circulation *** Stasis ** Diabetics ** Chronic oedema * Spreads by superficial lymph vessels * Clinical features ** On lower limbs – 80% ** On face – rarely ** Large erythema, irregular borders ** Tender ** Rapidly advancing borders ** Oedema ** Warm ** Fever * Site of entry needs to be located ** Ulcers ** Interdigital lesion ** Fungal infections *...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 12:34, 18 June 2024 Cellulitis (hist | edit) [510 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" />* Deeper than impetigo * Infection of deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue * Etiology ** Staph aureus -> purulent cellulitis ** Strep pyogenes -> nonpurulent cellulitis * Primary – entry through minor skin injury * Secondary – to systemic infection * Clinical features ** Erythematous lesion with poorly defined margins ** Purulent cellulitis -> purulent exudate * Treatment ** Cloxacillin <section end="dermatology" /> Category:Dermatolog...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 12:32, 18 June 2024 Impetigo (hist | edit) [859 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" />* Superficial skin infection * Highly infectious * Children ** Most common bacterial skin infection in children * Etiology ** Staph aureus – 80% ** Strep pyogenes ** Risk factors *** Diabetes *** Immunosuppression ** Secondary – superinfection of atopic dermatitis, etc * Clinical features ** Honey-crusted lesions *** The result of ruptured pustules ** Central face ** Itching ** Can be bullous * Types ** Ecthyma *** A form of impetigo th...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 12:30, 18 June 2024 A1. Psoriasis (hist | edit) [69 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Psoriasis|dermatology}} Category:Dermatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:27, 18 June 2024 Psoriasis (hist | edit) [2,910 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "* A type of systemic papulosquamous dijusease * Epidemiology ** 2% of whites, less common in other skin colours ** 20 – 40 years *** Family history ** 50 – 100 years *** No family history * Etiology ** Polygenic inheritance (HLA) ** Triggers *** Streptococci <abbr>URTI</abbr> *** Irritation of skin *** Staph *** HIV *** Mechanical irritation *** Alcohol *** Stress *** Drugs **** Beta blockers **** Lithium **** Interferon **** Chloroquine * Pathophysiology ** Acanthos...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:09, 18 June 2024 51. Toxicology tests in the clinical laboratory (hist | edit) [424 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "* Methods ** High performance liquid chromatography *** Can detect many drugs at the same time ** Immunoassay ** Alcohol -> enzymatic reaction + UV detection, gas chromatography * In blood or urine * Mostly qualitative, sometimes quantitative * Often checked drugs ** Benzos ** Barbs ** Illegal drugs ** Alcohol * Indications ** Suspected poisoning ** Unexplainable sickness Category:Clinical Biochemistry (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:07, 18 June 2024 50. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) (hist | edit) [107 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Therapeutic drug monitoring|clinical biochemistry}}")
- 12:06, 18 June 2024 Therapeutic drug monitoring (hist | edit) [580 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{:Stub}} = measurement of drug concentration or activity in plasma * Methods ** High performance liquid chromatography ** Immunoassay * Indications ** Non-linear kinetics of drug ** When there is poor compliance ** If the therapeutic effect can’t be assessed clinically ** If the therapeutic index is low *** Warfarin *** Aminoglycosides *** Antipsychotics *** Digoxin *** Lithium ** When there are signs of overdose ** To determine pharmacokinetic interactions Categ...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:04, 18 June 2024 49. Molecular biology applications in the practice of clinical laboratories (hist | edit) [790 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "Molecular biology methods * High sensitivity and specificity * Expensive * Real-time PCR ** Visualization – fluorescent dyes, hybridization * DNA sequencing ** Next generation sequencing ** Whole exome sequencing * Benefit * Diagnosis ** Prognosis ** Therapy response * Monogenic disorders ** Sickle cell anaemia ** Thalassaemia * Microbiological assays ** HepC ** HepB ** CMV ** <abbr>EBV</abbr> ** HSV ** Gonorrhoea * Inherited conditions ** Factor V Leiden ** Prothr...") Tag: Visual edit
- 12:02, 18 June 2024 48. Tumor markers and their informational value in the clinical laboratory practice (hist | edit) [93 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Tumour marker|clinical biochemistry}} Category:Clinical Biochemistry (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
- 11:51, 18 June 2024 Tumour marker (hist | edit) [5,420 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="pathology" />A '''tumour marker''', also called a '''cancer biomarker''', is a substance found in the body which concentration in the blood or other body fluid increases when cancer is present. The tumour marker may be produced by the cancer cells themselves or by healthy cells in response to the cancer. Tumour markers are usually proteins and are often produced in small amounts even in people without cancer. The term tumour marker may also be used to...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
- 11:13, 18 June 2024 47. The most important non-specific laboratory tests that suggest the presence of malignant diseases. (hist | edit) [557 bytes] Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "* In any cancer ** Elevated CRP or ESR (without infection or other explanatory cause) * Multiple myeloma ** Extremely high ESR * GI cancer ** Chronic microcytic anaemia * Leukaemias ** Leukocytosis ** Anaemia ** Thrombocytopaenia ** Blasts in bone marrow or blood ** Abnormal differentiation * Bone tumors ** ALP increase * Lung cancer ** LDH increase * Bile duct cancer ** Bilirubin increase * Neuroendocrine tumors ** Hormones * During chemo ** Bone marrow depression ** LD...") Tag: Visual edit