34. Demographic indicators: measures of birth and fertility

From greek.doctor
  • Crude birth rate – annual number of live births per 1000 people
    • 18 live births per 1000 people (2017)
  • Fertility rate – annual number of live births per woman of childbearing age (15 – 49)
    • Around 5 live births per woman in Africa
    • Around 1,5 live births per woman in Europe
  • Age-specific fertility rates – annual number of live births per 1000 women in particular age groups
    • 15 – 19
    • 20 – 24
    • etc.
  • Natural balance = difference between births and deaths per 1000 people
    • In some European countries the natural balance is negative = natural decrease
      • -3,0 in Greece
      • -4,0 in Hungary
    • In most countries the natural balance is positive = natural increase
      • 4,1 in Norway
  • Gross reproduction rate – annual number of daughters per 1000 women of childbearing age
  • Net reproduction rate – annual number of daughters per 1000 newborn women
    • The net reproduction rate is always lower than the gross reproduction rate, because some women die before entering their childbearing years