1. Importance of non-communicable diseases in developed countries (mortality, morbidity, trends)

From greek.doctor
  • Most important non-communicable diseases in high-income countries
    • CVD
    • Cancer
    • Chronic respiratory disease
  • NCD
    • cause more than 75% of deaths in high-income countries yearly
    • are more important in high-income than low-income countries
      • due to diet, social status
    • are becoming more important in low-income countries as well (as communicable diseases are becoming less of a problem)
    • In all ages:
      • CVD 48%
      • Cancer 21%
      • Others 16%
    • < 60 year olds
      • CVD 35%
      • Cancer 28%
      • Others 26%
  • Disease adjusted life years (DALY)
    • One DALY is one lost year of “healthy” life
    • DALY = years of life lost + years lost due to disability
    • Most NCD DALYs are in high-income countries
  • Top causes of death in world
    • Ischaemic heart disease – 7 million per year – 13%
    • Stroke, cerebrovascular disease
    • Lower respiratory tract infections
  • Top causes of death in low-income countries
    • Lower RTI
    • Diarrhoeal diseases
    • HIV/AIDS
  • Morbidity – the disease burden in a population
    • Incidence and prevalence of a disease
  • Mortality – the occurrence of death in a population
  • Communicable diseases are less important in high-income countries due to vaccines, treatment, etc