20. Epidemiology and prevention of osteoporosis

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Revision as of 20:42, 30 November 2022 by Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "* Epidemiology ** 4x in women *** Women mostly primary osteoporosis *** Men mostly secondary osteoporosis ** Age of onset 50 – 70 ** Asian, Hispanic, European > black * Etiology ** Female ** White ** Old age ** Malnutrition *** Poor protein, calcium, vitamin D intake ** Family history ** Smoking ** Alcohol * Diagnosis: ** DEXA scan, which measures the bone mineral density (BMD) ** T-score: the number of standard deviations the patient’s BMD is away from the BMD of a...")
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  • Epidemiology
    • 4x in women
      • Women mostly primary osteoporosis
      • Men mostly secondary osteoporosis
    • Age of onset 50 – 70
    • Asian, Hispanic, European > black
  • Etiology
    • Female
    • White
    • Old age
    • Malnutrition
      • Poor protein, calcium, vitamin D intake
    • Family history
    • Smoking
    • Alcohol
  • Diagnosis:
    • DEXA scan, which measures the bone mineral density (BMD)
    • T-score: the number of standard deviations the patient’s BMD is away from the BMD of a young female adult
      • Osteopaenia: T-score -2,5 <-> -1
      • Osteoporosis: T-score < -2.5
    • Z-score: the number of standard deviations the patient is away from a similarly aged adult
  • Prognosis
    • 30 – 50% of women will experience fracture related to osteoporosis during lifetime
  • Prevention
    • Avoid alcohol
    • Avoid smoking
    • Sufficient intake of Ca
    • Sufficient intake of vitamin D
    • Physical activity – strength training
    • Bisphosphonates