View source for Congenital anomalies of the urethra

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== Posterior urethral valve ==

* = tissue which obstructs the posterior urethra
* Common cause of urinary tract obstruction in newborn males
** Only affects males
* Associated with pulmonary hypoplasia
* Diagnosis by voiding cystogram
* Treatment: Valve ablation with cystoscopy

== Hypospadias ==

* External urethral opening on ventral penis
* Only symptomatic cases require surgery

== Epispadias ==

* External urethral opening on dorsal penis
* Often associated with bladder exstrophy
* Treatment: surgery
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[[Category:Urology]]