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Basal cell carcinoma: Difference between revisions

Basal cell carcinoma (view source)

Revision as of 09:08, 14 August 2024

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(Created page with "<section begin="dermatology" /> * Most common skin cancer * Related to mutations in the hedgehog pathway * Risk factors ** Chronic sun exposure ** Old age ** Skin types I and II * Clinical features ** Pearly papule or nodule ** Rolled border ** Central crater of ulceration ** On sun-exposed skin *** Usually upper lip/nose area ** Slow growing * Types ** Nodular BCC *** Most common type ** Superficial BCC *** On trunk *** Flat plaque lesion ** Nevoid basal cell carcinoma...")
 
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<section begin="dermatology" />
<section begin="dermatology" /><section begin="oncology" />
* Most common skin cancer
* Epidemiology
* Related to mutations in the hedgehog pathway
** Technically the most common cancer, but it is often excluded from data due to its low mortality and morbidity
** BCC accounts for 75% of all skin cancer
** Most common skin cancer
* Pathology
** Hedgehog pathway is often mutated
** Almost never metastasises, leading to low mortality and morbidity
** May cause local destruction, which may be severe if located on the face
** Types
*** Nodular BCC
*** Superficial BCC
*** Morpheaform BCC
*** Naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
**** Autosomal dominant disease
**** Multiple BCC in young age
**** Bone and neurological malformations
*** +++
* Risk factors
* Risk factors
** Chronic sun exposure
** Chronic sun exposure
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** Locally aggressive
** Locally aggressive
* Diagnosis
* Diagnosis
** Clinical, based on typical symptoms
** Definite (histological) diagnoses often made after surgical excision of suspected lesion
** Full-thickness biopsy -> histology
** Full-thickness biopsy -> histology
* Treatment
* Treatment
** Surgical excision
** Surgery
** Irradiation
*** Surgical excision
** Mohs micrographic surgery
*** Primary treatment is almost all cases
** Hedgehog pathway inhibitors
** Radiotherapy
** For low-risk, spf BCC
*** If surgery is not an option
** Chemotherapy
*** Only topical (5-FU)
** Alternatives for superficial and small BCCs
*** Cryosurgery
*** Photodynamic therapy
*** Photodynamic therapy
*** Cryotherapy
*** Laser ablation
*** 5-FU
*** Topical chemotherapy
*** Imiquimod cream
*** Topical imiquimod
** Targeted therapy
*** Vismodegib or sonidegib
**** Hedgehog pathway inhibitors
*** For metastatic BCC or BCC which recurs after surgery
* Follow-up
* Follow-up
** Physical examination at 3, 6, 12 months
** Physical examination at 3, 6, 12 months
** Sun protection
** Sun protection
<section end="dermatology" />
<section end="dermatology" /><section end="oncology" />
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]