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Diabetes mellitus: Difference between revisions

Diabetes mellitus (view source)

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<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Diabetes mellitus''' (DM) is a group of disorders characterised by chronic [[hyperglycaemia]] due to abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. There are many types, but the most common types are [[type 1 diabetes mellitus]] and [[type 2 diabetes mellitus]]. DM is a very common disease, and the most common form, type 2, is associated with inactivity and obesity, which are increasing globally. Chronic hyperglycaemia causes severe long-term and short-term complications which may be lethal or cause significant morbidity.
<section begin="dermatology" /><section begin="clinical biochemistry" />'''Diabetes mellitus''' (DM) is a group of disorders characterised by chronic [[hyperglycaemia]] due to abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. There are many types, but the most common types are [[type 1 diabetes mellitus]] and [[type 2 diabetes mellitus]]. DM is a very common disease, and the most common form, type 2, is associated with inactivity and obesity, which are increasing globally. Chronic hyperglycaemia causes severe long-term and short-term complications which may be lethal or cause significant morbidity.<section end="dermatology" />


There exists state of "prediabetes" where the carbohydrate metabolism is abnormal but not (yet) to such an extent that diabetes mellitus has manifested.<section end="clinical biochemistry" />
There exists state of "prediabetes" where the carbohydrate metabolism is abnormal but not (yet) to such an extent that diabetes mellitus has manifested.<section end="clinical biochemistry" />
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Patients with type 2 diabetes also have increased risk for some cancers, especially liver and pancreas. Diabetes causes delayed wound healing, which might be evidenced after an operation
Patients with type 2 diabetes also have increased risk for some cancers, especially liver and pancreas. Diabetes causes delayed wound healing, which might be evidenced after an operation
<section begin="dermatology" />
== Cutaneous manifestations ==
* 30% of all diabetes patients will experience skin symptoms
* Non-specific skin conditions
** Impetigo
** Candida intertrigo
** Psoriasis
** Necrotizing fasciitis
** Acanthosis nigricans
* Specific skin conditions
** Diabetic dermopathy
*** Reddish, oval/round scaly patches
*** Often on the shins
** Diabetic bullae
*** Painless bullae
*** Can be very large
*** Intraepidermal bullae
**** More common
**** Filled with clear fluid
**** Heal without scarring or atrophy
*** Subepidermal bullae
**** Less common
**** Filled with blood
**** Heal with scarring and atrophy
** Diabetic sclerosis
*** In diabetes type 1
*** Sclerosis of finger skin -> restricted mobility
** Foot ulcers (diabetic foot)
** Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum
*** Erythematous patches on lower legs
*** May ulcerate and become infected<section end="dermatology" />
<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />
<section begin="clinical biochemistry" />
== Follow-up ==
== Follow-up ==