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1A. The most common types of myopathies and myositis: Difference between revisions

1A. The most common types of myopathies and myositis (view source)

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== Myopathies ==
= Myopathies =
A myopathy is a disease of the muscle itself, not involving innervation or the NMJ. There are many different types.
A myopathy is a disease of the muscle itself, not involving innervation or the NMJ. There are many different types.


=== Etiology ===
== Etiology ==
 
* Hereditary myopathies
* Hereditary myopathies
** Progressive muscular dystrophies
** Progressive muscular dystrophies
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive deletion of the dystrophin gene.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive deletion of the dystrophin gene.


=== Clinical features ===
== Clinical features ==
The typical feature of myopathy is symmetrical proximal muscle weakness. Muscle pain is not typical.
The typical feature of myopathy is symmetrical proximal muscle weakness. Muscle pain is not typical.


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Congenital myopathies have good prognosis and slow development.
Congenital myopathies have good prognosis and slow development.


=== Diagnosis and evaluation ===
== Diagnosis and evaluation ==
Diagnosis is based on phenotype, EMG findings, muscle biopsy findings, and genetic studies. On EMG, short motor unit potentials (MUPs) can be seen.
Diagnosis is based on phenotype, EMG findings, muscle biopsy findings, and genetic studies. On EMG, short motor unit potentials (MUPs) can be seen.


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In any person with myopathy, it’s important to rule out hypothyroidism.
In any person with myopathy, it’s important to rule out hypothyroidism.


=== Treatment ===
== Treatment ==
Unfortunately, there is not much to offer patients with myopathies except treating any underlying cause, if present. Physiotherapy is always important. Steroids delay the need for wheelchair in Duchenne by 2 years.
Unfortunately, there is not much to offer patients with myopathies except treating any underlying cause, if present. Physiotherapy is always important. Steroids delay the need for wheelchair in Duchenne by 2 years.


== Myositis ==
= Myositis =
{{#lst:Inflammatory myopathy|neurology}}
{{#lst:Inflammatory myopathy|neurology}}
[[Category:Neurology 2]]
[[Category:Neurology 2]]