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Inflammatory myopathy: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "<section begin="neurology" /><section begin="dermatology" />'''Inflammatory myopathy''', also called '''myositis,''' is a subtype of myopathy where there is inflammation of muscle. === Etiology === * Polymyositis (PM) * Dermatomyositis (DM) * Necrotising myositis * Inclusion body myositis (IBM) * Overlap myositis * Paraneoplastic myositis Dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis can either be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to adenocarcinoma. === Clinical featu...")
 
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<section begin="neurology" /><section begin="dermatology" />'''Inflammatory myopathy''', also called '''myositis,''' is a subtype of [[myopathy]] where there is inflammation of muscle.
<section begin="neurology" /><section begin="dermatology" />'''Inflammatory myopathy''', also called '''myositis,''' is a subtype of [[myopathy]] where there is inflammation of muscle.


=== Etiology ===
== Etiology ==
 
* Polymyositis (PM)
* Polymyositis (PM)
* Dermatomyositis (DM)
* Dermatomyositis (DM)
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Dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis can either be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to adenocarcinoma.
Dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis can either be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to adenocarcinoma.


=== Clinical features ===
== Clinical features ==
In most types of myositis there is proximal weakness, atrophy, and muscle pain. The only exception is inclusion body myositis, in which there is distal muscle weakness. IBM affects elderly.
In most types of myositis there is proximal weakness, atrophy, and muscle pain. The only exception is inclusion body myositis, in which there is distal muscle weakness. IBM affects elderly.


In dermatomyositis there are also skin symptoms, namely heliotrope rash and Gottron papules. Polymyositis is like dermatomyositis but without skin symptoms. Necrotising myositis is similar to them but worse.
In dermatomyositis there are also skin symptoms, namely heliotrope rash and Gottron papules. Polymyositis is like dermatomyositis but without skin symptoms. Necrotising myositis is similar to them but worse.


=== Diagnosis and evaluation ===
== Diagnosis and evaluation ==
The creatine kinase (CK) is elevated in most cases. MRI can show the distribution and extent of inflammation and can guide the location for biopsy.
The creatine kinase (CK) is elevated in most cases. MRI can show the distribution and extent of inflammation and can guide the location for biopsy.


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In dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis it’s important to rule out adenocarcinoma.
In dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis it’s important to rule out adenocarcinoma.
<section begin="dermatology" />
<section begin="dermatology" />
=== Treatment ===
 
== Treatment ==
The treatment is usually immunosuppressants, usually steroids + azathioprine or methotrexate.<section end="dermatology" /> Immunosuppressants is not effective for IBM, however.<section end="neurology" />
The treatment is usually immunosuppressants, usually steroids + azathioprine or methotrexate.<section end="dermatology" /> Immunosuppressants is not effective for IBM, however.<section end="neurology" />
[[Category:Rheumatology]]
[[Category:Rheumatology]]