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Inflammatory myopathy: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "<section begin="neurology" /><section begin="dermatology" />'''Inflammatory myopathy''', also called '''myositis,''' is a subtype of myopathy where there is inflammation of muscle. === Etiology === * Polymyositis (PM) * Dermatomyositis (DM) * Necrotising myositis * Inclusion body myositis (IBM) * Overlap myositis * Paraneoplastic myositis Dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis can either be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to adenocarcinoma. === Clinical featu...") |
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<section begin="neurology" /><section begin="dermatology" />'''Inflammatory myopathy''', also called '''myositis,''' is a subtype of [[myopathy]] where there is inflammation of muscle. | <section begin="neurology" /><section begin="dermatology" />'''Inflammatory myopathy''', also called '''myositis,''' is a subtype of [[myopathy]] where there is inflammation of muscle. | ||
== Etiology == | |||
* Polymyositis (PM) | * Polymyositis (PM) | ||
* Dermatomyositis (DM) | * Dermatomyositis (DM) | ||
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Dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis can either be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to adenocarcinoma. | Dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis can either be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to adenocarcinoma. | ||
== Clinical features == | |||
In most types of myositis there is proximal weakness, atrophy, and muscle pain. The only exception is inclusion body myositis, in which there is distal muscle weakness. IBM affects elderly. | In most types of myositis there is proximal weakness, atrophy, and muscle pain. The only exception is inclusion body myositis, in which there is distal muscle weakness. IBM affects elderly. | ||
In dermatomyositis there are also skin symptoms, namely heliotrope rash and Gottron papules. Polymyositis is like dermatomyositis but without skin symptoms. Necrotising myositis is similar to them but worse. | In dermatomyositis there are also skin symptoms, namely heliotrope rash and Gottron papules. Polymyositis is like dermatomyositis but without skin symptoms. Necrotising myositis is similar to them but worse. | ||
== Diagnosis and evaluation == | |||
The creatine kinase (CK) is elevated in most cases. MRI can show the distribution and extent of inflammation and can guide the location for biopsy. | The creatine kinase (CK) is elevated in most cases. MRI can show the distribution and extent of inflammation and can guide the location for biopsy. | ||
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In dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis it’s important to rule out adenocarcinoma. | In dermatomyositis and necrotising myositis it’s important to rule out adenocarcinoma. | ||
<section begin="dermatology" /> | <section begin="dermatology" /> | ||
== Treatment == | |||
The treatment is usually immunosuppressants, usually steroids + azathioprine or methotrexate.<section end="dermatology" /> Immunosuppressants is not effective for IBM, however.<section end="neurology" /> | The treatment is usually immunosuppressants, usually steroids + azathioprine or methotrexate.<section end="dermatology" /> Immunosuppressants is not effective for IBM, however.<section end="neurology" /> | ||
[[Category:Rheumatology]] | [[Category:Rheumatology]] | ||