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35. Polypus adenomatosus coli (p53): Difference between revisions

35. Polypus adenomatosus coli (p53) (view source)

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'''Organ''': Colon
'''Organ''': Colon


'''Description''':
'''Description''': Three sections can be seen. We’ll call the lower right section for section 1. Here we can see colonic crypts, and no villi. Goblet cells are present. Section 2 is the section above. Here we can see that the crypts contain bubble-like structures. No goblets cells are present.
 
Three sections can be seen.
 
We’ll call the lower right section for section 1. Here we can see colonic crypts, and no villi. Goblet cells are present.
 
Section 2 is the section above. Here we can see that the crypts contain bubble-like structures. No goblets cells are present.


The interesting part about section 3 is the epithelium that is stained brown. The staining is inside the nuclei and not in the cytosol of the stained cells. Also notice that the stalk in section 3. Otherwise is it similar to section 2.
The interesting part about section 3 is the epithelium that is stained brown. The staining is inside the nuclei and not in the cytosol of the stained cells. Also notice that the stalk in section 3. Otherwise is it similar to section 2.
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'''Diagnosis''': Adenomatous polyp in the colon[[File:Adenomatous colon polyp, p53 staining comparison.jpg|thumb|Comparison between the healthy colon and the polyp. The tubular structure show that this is a tubular polyp.]]'''Risk factors:'''
'''Diagnosis''': Adenomatous polyp in the colon[[File:Adenomatous colon polyp, p53 staining comparison.jpg|thumb|Comparison between the healthy colon and the polyp. The tubular structure show that this is a tubular polyp.]]'''Risk factors:'''


* Western diet
* Inflammatory bowel disease
* Inflammatory bowel disease
* Bad diet


'''Theory''':
'''Theory''':
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* According to their microscopical features (tubular/villous/tubulovillous)
* According to their microscopical features (tubular/villous/tubulovillous)
* Whether dysplasia is present or not (hyperplastic/adenomatous)
* Whether dysplasia is present or not (hyperplastic/adenomatous)
[[File:Adenomatous colon polyp, p53 staining close-up.png|thumb|Note how it is the nuclei that contain p53 and not the cytosol. p53 is a nuclear protein.]]Polyps that look like mushrooms growing out of the mucosa are called ''pedunculated'' polyps. They have stalks that separate them from the colonic mucosa. Polyps that don’t have stalks and instead diffusely grow out of the mucosa are called ''sessile'' polyps. Pedunculated polyps are easier to remove, due to their stalk.
[[File:Adenomatous colon polyp, p53 staining close-up.png|thumb|Note how it is the nuclei that contain p53 and not the cytosol. p53 is a nuclear protein.]]Polyps that look like mushrooms growing out of the mucosa are called ''pedunculated'' polyps. They have stalks that separate them from the colonic mucosa. Polyps that don’t have stalks and instead diffusely grow out of the mucosa are called ''sessile'' polyps. Pedunculated polyps are easier to remove, due to their stalk. Polyps that have the tubular structures seen in this slide are called ''tubular'' polyps. Polyps can also have villi on their surface, then they’re called ''villous'' polyps. Polyps with both villi and tubular structure are called ''tubulovillous'' polyps.
 
Polyps that have the tubular structures seen in this slide are called ''tubular'' polyps. Polyps can also have villi on their surface, then they’re called ''villous'' polyps. Polyps with both villi and tubular structure are called ''tubulovillous'' polyps.


Lastly, if there’s no dysplasia in the polyp is it a ''hyperplastic'' polyp, which does not increase the risk for cancer. However, if there is dysplasia is it an ''adenomatous'' polyp, which does increase the risk for cancer.
Lastly, if there’s no dysplasia in the polyp is it a ''hyperplastic'' polyp, which does not increase the risk for cancer. However, if there is dysplasia is it an ''adenomatous'' polyp, which does increase the risk for cancer.