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Colonic polyps: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "Colonic polyps are elevated protruding lesions of the colon into the colon lumen. They may be hyperplastic, inflammatory, hamartomatous, or neoplastic. These polyps may cause symptoms or develop into cancer. >90% of colorectal cancers develop from an adenomatous polyp, but only 3 – 5% of adenomatous polyps progress to cancer. Colon polyps are very common, affecting 30% of adults >50 years. == Etiology == Colonic polyps are highly related to the Western, obesogenic li...") |
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Colonic polyps are elevated protruding lesions of the colon into the colon lumen. They may be hyperplastic, inflammatory, hamartomatous, or neoplastic. These polyps may cause symptoms or develop into cancer. >90% of colorectal cancers develop from an adenomatous polyp, but only 3 – 5% of adenomatous polyps progress to cancer. | '''Colonic polyps''' are elevated protruding lesions of the colon into the colon lumen. They may be hyperplastic, inflammatory, hamartomatous, or neoplastic. These polyps may cause symptoms or develop into cancer. >90% of [[Colorectal cancer|colorectal cancers]] develop from an adenomatous polyp, but only 3 – 5% of adenomatous polyps progress to cancer. | ||
Colon polyps are very common, affecting 30% of adults >50 years. | Colon polyps are very common, affecting 30% of adults >50 years. | ||
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* Diet high in meat and low in vegetables and fruits | * Diet high in meat and low in vegetables and fruits | ||
* Obesity | * [[Obesity]] | ||
* Lack of exercise | * Lack of exercise | ||
* Smoking | * [[Smoking]] | ||
* Alcohol | * [[Alcohol]] | ||
* Hereditary polyposis syndromes | * Hereditary polyposis syndromes | ||
** Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Gardner syndrome – for adenomatous polyp | ** Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Gardner syndrome – for adenomatous polyp | ||
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=== Inflammatory polyp === | === Inflammatory polyp === | ||
Inflammatory polyps are consequences of mucosal ulceration and regeneration, often present in IBD. They don’t have malignant potential. | Inflammatory polyps are consequences of mucosal ulceration and regeneration, often present in [[Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis)|IBD]]. They don’t have malignant potential. | ||
=== Hyperplastic polyps === | === Hyperplastic polyps === | ||
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== Diagnosis and evaluation == | == Diagnosis and evaluation == | ||
Some have occult blood which can be demonstrated in the faeces. | Some have [[Faecal occult blood test|occult blood]] which can be demonstrated in the faeces. | ||
Colonoscopy is the best examination for polyps, as it allows for visualisation of even small polyps and for biopsy. Virtual colonoscopy, a CT examination of the colorectum insufflated with air and contrast, can be used as an alternative, but biopsies can not be made, and small (<1 cm) polyps cannot be visualised. | [[Colonoscopy]] is the best examination for polyps, as it allows for visualisation of even small polyps and for biopsy. Virtual colonoscopy, a [[CT]] examination of the colorectum insufflated with air and contrast, can be used as an alternative, but biopsies can not be made, and small (<1 cm) polyps cannot be visualised. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||