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24. Benign and malignant nephrosclerosis and diffuse cortical necrosis. Urolithiasis and obstructive uropathy.: Difference between revisions

24. Benign and malignant nephrosclerosis and diffuse cortical necrosis. Urolithiasis and obstructive uropathy. (view source)

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(Created page with "== Nephrosclerosis == Nephrosclerosis, or more precisely ''arterionephrosclerosis'' refers to thickening and sclerosis of the walls of arteries and arterioles in the kidney. It’s a condition that is related to hypertension. Nephrosclerosis can lead to chronic renal failure. We distinguish two types of nephrosclerosis: the benign type and the malignant type. Benign nephrosclerosis occurs when there is chronic hypertension. There is a hyaline thickening of the walls of...")
 
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Hydronephrosis refers to dilation of the renal pelvis and calyxes with accompanying atrophy of the renal parenchyme. The increased pressure in the pelvis due to the obstruction causes it to dilate, while the pressure also compresses the renal vasculature and therefor causes ischaemic atrophy. It takes about 3 weeks of complete obstruction or 3 months of incomplete obstruction to cause irreversible damage, so early diagnosis and treatment is important and curative. Hydronephrosis progresses quickly to anuria and renal failure if it is bilateral or if it is unilateral while the unobstructed kidney is already damaged. Hydronephrosis predisposes to pyelonephritis, which may progress into urosepsis.
Hydronephrosis refers to dilation of the renal pelvis and calyxes with accompanying atrophy of the renal parenchyme. The increased pressure in the pelvis due to the obstruction causes it to dilate, while the pressure also compresses the renal vasculature and therefor causes ischaemic atrophy. It takes about 3 weeks of complete obstruction or 3 months of incomplete obstruction to cause irreversible damage, so early diagnosis and treatment is important and curative. Hydronephrosis progresses quickly to anuria and renal failure if it is bilateral or if it is unilateral while the unobstructed kidney is already damaged. Hydronephrosis predisposes to pyelonephritis, which may progress into urosepsis.
[[Category:Pathology 2 - Theoretical exam topics]]