Knee effusion

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Revision as of 19:12, 2 September 2024 by Nikolas (Sọ̀rọ̀ | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="orthopaedics" />A knee effusion is a fluid accumulation in the intra-articular space of the knee * May be serous, bloody, or purulent * Etiology ** Osteoarthritis ** Trauma ** Crystal arthritis (gout) ** Rheumatoid arthritis ** Septic arthritis (infection) ** Ligament injuries ** Meniscus injuries * Clinical features ** Swelling around and above patella ** Decreased ROM ** Patellar ballottement * Diagnosis ** Swift diagnosis of septic arthritis is importa...")
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A knee effusion is a fluid accumulation in the intra-articular space of the knee

  • May be serous, bloody, or purulent
  • Etiology
    • Osteoarthritis
    • Trauma
    • Crystal arthritis (gout)
    • Rheumatoid arthritis
    • Septic arthritis (infection)
    • Ligament injuries
    • Meniscus injuries
  • Clinical features
    • Swelling around and above patella
    • Decreased ROM
    • Patellar ballottement
  • Diagnosis
    • Swift diagnosis of septic arthritis is important to reduce complication
    • X-ray
      • Check for OA or fracture
    • Joint aspiration
      • Detect bacteria, crystals, blood
    • MRI
      • Check for ligament injuries
  • Treatment
    • RICE
    • NSAIDs
    • Depends on underlying cause
    • Septic arthritis -> IV antibiotics