B8. Benign tumours of the skin
Seborrheic keratosis
- Most common benign skin tumor in elderly
- Immature keratinocytes
- Clinical features
- Multiple darkly pigmented, soft papules/plaques
- Greasy, wax-like
- “Stuck-on” appearance
- May be pruritic
- May bleed easily
- Increase in number and size with time
- Treatment
- No treatment necessary
- Cryotherapy, laser, excision for cosmetic reasons
Keratoacanthoma
- On sun-exposed skin
- From pilosebaceous glands
- Rapid growths for a few weeks -> then spontaneous resolution after months
- Treatment
- Excision
- Radiotherapy
Dermatofibroma
- Fibroblasts
- Slowly growing
- Skin-coloured or brownish nodules
- Most commonly on lower extremities
- Fitzpatrick sign – when squeezed the surface retracts inwards
- Characteristic for dermatofibroma
- Treatment only for cosmetic reasons
Lipoma
- Slow growing
- Round
- Soft
- “Rubbery”
Pyogenic granuloma
- Benign vascular tumor
- Soft, round, bright red tumor
- Bleeds easily due to being vascular
- Not actually "pyogenic"
- Recurs after removal
Others
- Epidermal origin
- Sebaceous nevus
- Apocrine nevus
- Benign mesenchymal tumors
- Acrochordon (skin tag)
- Leiomyoma
- Vascular tumors
- Angioma
- Haemangioma
- Skin adnexal benign tumors – of accessory skin structures like glands, hair follicles
- Syringoma
- Hidradenoma
- Trichoepithelioma
- Dermal eccrine cylindroma
- Solid, skin-coloured nodules
- On head, neck, face
- Other
- Epidermoid cyst
- Pigmented nevus
- Neurofibroma
- Neurofibromatosis