22. Blood coagulation: cellular components (platelets, endothelial cells) and their laboratory analysis.

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  • Vasculopathies – endothelial dysfunction
    • Ehlers-Danlos
    • Marfan
    • Bleeding time prolonged
  • Thrombocytopathies – plt dysfunction
    • Platelet count and volume
      • Measured by impedance or light scatter with flow cytometry
    • Thrombocytopaenia
      • Heparin induced (HIT)
        • Immunoassay tests for antibodies (type 2)
    • Thrombocytosis
      • Inflammation
      • Iron deficiency
    • Thrombocythaemia
      • Myeloproliferative disease
    • Thrombocyte dysfunction
      • von Willebrand disease
      • Bernard-Soulier syndrome
      • Glanzmann thrombasthenia
    • Platelet aggregometry
      • Photometric measurement
      • Pro-aggregation factors are added (ADP, arachidonic acid, ristocetin)
        • Sample clears up -> transmittance increases
        • Disease examined depends on the factor added
          • Arachidonic acid – monitor aspirin
          • ADP – monitor clopidogrel, etc
          • Ristocetin – monitor von Willebrand disease, Bernard-Soulier