Acute otitis media

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Revision as of 13:25, 23 November 2023 by Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "* Acute (suppurative) otitis media ** Epidemiology *** Infants *** Small children *** 80% by 3 years of age ** Etiology *** Bacterial superinfection (on viral <abbr>URTI</abbr>) which ascends through eustachian tube *** S. pneumoniae *** H. influenzae ** Risk factors *** Previous AOM *** Chronic otitis media *** Parental smoking ** Protective factors *** Prolonged breastfeeding *** Pneumococcal vaccine ** Clinical features *** Ear pain **** Infants repeatedly touch the e...")
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  • Acute (suppurative) otitis media
    • Epidemiology
      • Infants
      • Small children
      • 80% by 3 years of age
    • Etiology
      • Bacterial superinfection (on viral URTI) which ascends through eustachian tube
      • S. pneumoniae
      • H. influenzae
    • Risk factors
      • Previous AOM
      • Chronic otitis media
      • Parental smoking
    • Protective factors
      • Prolonged breastfeeding
      • Pneumococcal vaccine
    • Clinical features
      • Ear pain
        • Infants repeatedly touch the ear
      • Fever
      • Discharge from ear
        • Only if there is spontaneous tympanic perforation
      • Conductive hearing loss
    • Diagnosis
      • Early: Retracted, hypomobile tympanic membrane
      • Then: Bulging tympanic membrane
        • Due to accumulation of pus
      • Loss of light reflex
    • Treatment
      • NSAIDs
      • Not decongestants! – prolong course
      • Antibiotics
        • Only in < 2 years, or > 2 years if bilateral, no resolution in 2 days
        • Amoxicillin
        • Clavulanic acid added if treatment failure


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