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08:24, 13 September 2024 ‎Distal radius fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,453 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Distal radius fractures''' are common fractures, especially of the elderly. They occur due to fall on outstretched arm. Colles fracture is an extraarticular fracture with dorsal angulation of the fragment. Smith fracture is an extraarticular fracture with ventral angulation of the fragment. The median nerve may be injured. Non-dislocated fractures are treated conservatively; dislocated fractures are treated surgically. == Etiology == F...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:23, 13 September 2024 ‎Forearm fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,664 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Forearm fractures''' have the second highest ratio of open to closed fractures among all fractures. They’re also common in children. We distinguish simple forearm fractures from complex ones. Simple fractures are isolated fractures of the radius or ulna (sometimes called nightstick fracture). Complex fractures are fractures occurring with dislocations. The three most important complex fractures are: {| class="wikitable" |'''Name''' |...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:21, 13 September 2024 ‎B10. Elbow fractures and dislocations (hist | edit) ‎[159 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Elbow fractures = {{#lst:Elbow fractures|traumatology}} = Elbow dislocations = {{#lst:Elbow dislocations|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)")
08:20, 13 September 2024 ‎Elbow dislocation (hist | edit) ‎[1,001 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Elbow dislocations''' are a relatively common sports injury of the young, and occur due to direct trauma or fall on outstretched hand. Treatment is closed reduction under anaesthesia and immobilisation with cast. == Etiology == Posterior dislocations occur due to fall on outstretched arm, while anterior dislocations occur due to direct trauma with a flexed elbow. == Classification == Elbow dislocations are classified as posterior (mos...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:19, 13 September 2024 ‎Elbow fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,732 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Elbow fractures''' involve fractures of the distal humerus, radial head, and olecranon. These are among the most common fractures in the paediatric population, but also occurs in adults. They may occur due to fall on outstretched arm or direct trauma to elbow. Radial head fractures are classified according to Manson, olecranon according to Mayo, and distal humeral fractures according to AO/ASIF. Extraarticular undislocated fractures are...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:18, 13 September 2024 ‎B9. Proximal and middle shaft humeral fractures. (hist | edit) ‎[84 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Humeral shaft fracture|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)")
08:17, 13 September 2024 ‎Humeral shaft fracture (hist | edit) ‎[2,178 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />Most humeral shaft fractures occur on the proximal end. It’s more common in elderly women usually due to fall on outstretched arm on the basis of osteoporosis. It’s classified according to the NEER classification. Axillary nerve injury may occur. Treatment is mostly conservative with a sling. Midshaft humeral fractures may occur in young or elderly, mostly in young. These are less common than proximal fractures. Radial nerve injury ma...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:10, 13 September 2024 ‎B8. Scapula and clavicle fractures. Dislocation of the AC, SC and shoulder joints. (hist | edit) ‎[382 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Scapula fracture = {{#lst:Scapula fracture|traumatology}} = Clavicle fracture = {{#lst:Clavicle fracture|traumatology}} = AC dislocation = {{#lst:Acromioclavicular joint dislocation|traumatology}} = SC dislocation = {{#lst:Sternoclavicular joint dislocation|traumatology}} = Shoulder dislocation = {{#lst:Shoulder dislocation|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:09, 13 September 2024 ‎Shoulder dislocation (hist | edit) ‎[2,730 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Shoulder dislocation''' is the most common joint dislocation, occurring mostly in younger males. It is often associated with other injuries, like fractures, tears of the rotator cuff, and injuries to the axillary artery or nerve. Shoulder dislocations are often recurrent as the joint capsule becomes lax after the first dislocation. This is called recurrent shoulder dislocation. == Etiology == Anterior shoulder dislocation occurs du...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:06, 13 September 2024 ‎Sternoclavicular joint dislocation (hist | edit) ‎[966 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Sternoclavicular (SC) joint dislocation''' is an uncommon injury. It may be due to due to indirect trauma or direct trauma. SC dislocations may be presternal (caused by indirect injury) or retrosternal (caused by direct injury). Retrosternal dislocation may cause injury of mediastinal structures (vessels, nerves, and oesophagus). == Clinical features == SC dislocation presents with a deformity and a palpable bump on the clavicle. ==...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:04, 13 September 2024 ‎Acromioclavicular joint dislocation (hist | edit) ‎[1,295 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation''' occurs due to rupture of the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. It is also known as a “separated shoulder”. It occurs due to direct trauma to the shoulder, like rugby or ice hockey. == Classification == AC dislocations are classified according to the Rockwood or Tossy classification. == Clinical features == AC dislocation presents with pain over the AC joint. In case of ty...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
17:50, 12 September 2024 ‎Clavicle fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,377 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Clavicle fracture''' is relatively common. They primarily occur due to fall onto the shoulder. Fractures of the middle third of the clavicle accounts for most cases. Fracture fragments may cause pneumothorax or neurovascular injury. Treatment is conservative with a sling. == Etiology == Clavicle fracture occurs due to fall onto the shoulder in 90% of cases. Direct blow and fall onto outstretched hand accounts for the remaining cases....") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
17:49, 12 September 2024 ‎Scapula fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,105 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Scapula fractures''' are rare injuries. They usually involve the scapular neck, body, or glenoid cavity. There are often associated injuries. They’re mostly treated conservatively but surgical treatment is indicated for displaced or intraarticular fractures. A “floating shoulder” refers to ipsilateral fracture of the scapular neck and clavicle, causing the shoulder to “float” freely. Floating shoulder is an indication of surg...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
17:47, 12 September 2024 ‎B7. Foot fractures and dislocations. Achilles-tendon injuries (hist | edit) ‎[227 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Foot fractures = {{#lst:Foot fracture|traumatology}} = Foot dislocations = {{#lst:Foot dislocation|traumatology}} = Achilles tendon injuries {{#lst:Achilles tendon injury|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)")
17:46, 12 September 2024 ‎Achilles tendon injury (hist | edit) ‎[2,552 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />The Achilles tendon, the largest tendon in the body, may be partially or completely ruptured and is a typical injury of active people. Rupture typically occurs when a sudden stress is applied to an already weakened or degenerated tendon. It's a common sports injury after rapid acceleration and pivoting. Patients usually describe the sensation of being struck or kicked at the back of the ankle, often with an audible “pop”. A gap in the...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
17:45, 12 September 2024 ‎Foot dislocation (hist | edit) ‎[1,793 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />Subtalar dislocation refers to dislocation of the talonavicular and talocalcaneal joints, causing displacement of the calcaneus, cuboid, navicular, and all of the forefoot from the talus. Dislocation most commonly occurs in the medial direction, medially to the talus. This occurs due to high energy trauma, and presents with a foot locked in supination. It’s managed conservatively, with closed reduction and casting. Lisfranc injury is a...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
17:44, 12 September 2024 ‎Foot fracture (hist | edit) ‎[4,472 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />Any bone in the foot may break, but only talus, calcaneus, and 5th metatarsal fractures were included in the lecture. However, I was asked regarding toe fractures on the exam so I’ve included those as well. The talus is a so-called free-floating bone in the foot and ankle joint, referring to how it doesn’t have any tendons or muscles attaching to it. Its blood supply is vulnerable to injury. Fractures of the talus may involve the tala...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
17:37, 12 September 2024 ‎B6. Pilon fracture. Fractures and ligament injuries of the ankle (hist | edit) ‎[89 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Ankle fractures and sprains|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
17:36, 12 September 2024 ‎Ankle fractures and sprains (hist | edit) ‎[5,160 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />Ankle injuries are one of the most common causes of presentation to primary care and emergency departments. They may be purely ligamentous ('''ankle sprain''') or involve bone ('''ankle fractures'''). Ankle sprains are more common and less serious than ankle fractures. A syndesmotic sprain is one in which syndesmotic structures (which are critical to ankle stability) are injured. Most ankle fractures affect one or both malleoli. A pilon...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:20, 12 September 2024 ‎B5. Ligament and meniscal injuries of the knee. Patellar fractures. (hist | edit) ‎[248 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Ligament injury of the knee = {{#lst:Knee ligament injuries|traumatology}} = Meniscal injury of the knee = {{#lst:Meniscus tears|traumatology}} = Patellar fractures = {{#lst:Patellar fracture|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)")
08:19, 12 September 2024 ‎Patellar fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,572 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Patellar fractures''' are the result of blunt trauma to the patella or due to a contracting quadriceps. These fractures are rare, accounting for approximately 1% of all fractures. == Etiology == Fall onto flexed knee or the knee hitting the dashboard during motor vehicle accident are the most frequent causes of patellar fracture. == Classification == Patellar fractures are classified according to their morphology: * Undisplaced * Tra...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:04, 12 September 2024 ‎B4. Proximal and middle shaft lower leg fractures (hist | edit) ‎[77 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Tibial fracture|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
08:04, 12 September 2024 ‎Tibial fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,663 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Proximal tibial and tibial shaft fractures''' have the highest ratio of open to closed fractures among all fractures. Fractures of the tibia occur due to high energy trauma (most common), low energy trauma, or repetitive use (stress fractures). Treatment is most frequently surgical. External fixation may be used temporarily in case of open fractures or polytrauma. Malunion, nonunion, compartment syndrome, neurovascular injury, and infec...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:58, 12 September 2024 ‎B3. Trochanteric, diaphyseal and distal fractures of the femur (hist | edit) ‎[221 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Trochanteric fractures = {{#lst:Trochanteric fracture|traumatology}} = Femoral shaft and distal femoral fractures = {{#lst:Femoral shaft and distal femoral fracture|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:57, 12 September 2024 ‎Femoral shaft and distal femoral fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,282 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Femoral shaft fractures and distal femoral fractures''' may occur in young due to high energy trauma or elderly due to low energy trauma. They’re classified according to Winquist-Hansen. Treatment is ORIF. == Classification == These fractures are classified according to the AO/ASIF classification or Winquist-Hansen classification. == Clinical features == Femoral shaft fractures are usually clinically obvious due to local presence of...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:57, 12 September 2024 ‎Trochanteric fracture (hist | edit) ‎[2,647 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Trochanteric (femur) fractures''' are a type of hip fracture. Pertrochanteric and intertrochanteric fractures are at the level of the greater and lesser trochanter, while subtrochanteric fractures are more distal. Pertrochanteric fractures involve both trochanters, whereas the fracture line of an intertrochanteric fracture runs between the trochanters, but the difference is small and so these terms are often used interchangeably. Th...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:53, 12 September 2024 ‎B2. Femoral neck fractures and their complications. Femoral head fractures (hist | edit) ‎[74 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Hip fracture|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:50, 12 September 2024 ‎Hip fracture (hist | edit) ‎[3,913 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Hip fractures''' are those which involve the proximal femur, including femoral head fractures, femoral neck fractures, trochanteric fractures, and subtrochanteric fractures. Hip fractures are one of the most common fractures of the elderly, and a common cause of admission to the hospital. They’re also severe and can cause severe morbidity and mortality. Hip fractures affect 169 / 100 000 each year, and females more often than males....") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:47, 12 September 2024 ‎B1. Pelvic and acetabular fractures. Traumatic hip dislocations. (hist | edit) ‎[243 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Pelvic fractures = {{#lst:Pelvic fracture|traumatology}} = Acetabular fractures = {{#lst:Acetabular fracture|traumatology}} = Traumatic hip dislocation = {{#lst:Traumatic hip dislocation|traumatology}} Category:Traumatology (POTE course)")
07:45, 12 September 2024 ‎Traumatic hip dislocation (hist | edit) ‎[1,752 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Traumatic dislocation of the hip''' refers to dislocation of the femoral head from the acetabular socket. It is rare and usually associated with other injuries, like acetabular fracture or hip fracture. It mostly occurs due to high energy trauma in young. 90% of traumatic hip dislocations are posterior. It may lead to osteonecrosis of the femoral head, osteoarthritis, and sciatic nerve injury. == Classification == Hip dislocations are...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:44, 12 September 2024 ‎Acetabular fracture (hist | edit) ‎[1,847 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Fractures of the acetabulum''' are, like pelvic fractures, a result of high energy motor vehicle accidents in young or low energy falls in elderly. Fractures to joint surfaces predispose to later osteoarthritis, so proper treatment is important. Associated ipsilateral neurovascular injury is not uncommon and must be kept in mind. == Classification == Acetabular fractures may be classified according to the Judet and...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
07:38, 12 September 2024 ‎Pelvic fracture (hist | edit) ‎[3,780 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />'''Fractures of the pelvis''', including the acetabulum, is mostly a result of motor vehicle accidents (high-energy trauma) in young adults, and therefore often co-exists with other injuries or fractures. It may also occur in elderly due to falls from standing height (low-energy trauma). Low-energy fractures (elderly) are usually isolated and do not damage the integrity of the pelvic ring. High-energy fractures (young) usually damage the...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:18, 11 September 2024 ‎67. Aseptic bone necroses (hist | edit) ‎[117 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Osteonecrosis|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)")
19:18, 11 September 2024 ‎65. Closure abnormalities of the spinal cord (hist | edit) ‎[140 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Spinal dysraphism|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:75._Closure_abnormalities_of_the_spinal_cord}}") Tag: Visual edit
19:17, 11 September 2024 ‎60. Orthopaedic aspects of osteoporosis (hist | edit) ‎[298 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with " {{DEFAULTSORT:70._Orthopaedic_aspects_of_osteoporosis}} = Osteoporosis = {{#lst:Osteoporosis|orthopaedics}} = Vertebral fracture = Orthopaedic surgeons are involved in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.{{#lst:Vertebral fracture|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:15, 11 September 2024 ‎56. Acute osteomyelitis (hist | edit) ‎[121 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Osteomyelitis|orthopaedics acute}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:66._Acute_osteomyelitis}}") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:13, 11 September 2024 ‎55. Rehabilitation following limb amputation, orthoses, orthopaedic shoes (hist | edit) ‎[231 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Limb amputation = {{#lst:Limb amputation|orthopaedics}} = Orthoses = {{#lst:Orthosis|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:65._Rehabilitation_following_limb_amputation,_orthoses,_orthopaedic_shoes}}") Tag: Visual edit
19:13, 11 September 2024 ‎53. Chondromalacia patellae (hist | edit) ‎[129 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Chondromalacia patellae|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:63._Chondromalacia_patellae}}") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:12, 11 September 2024 ‎49. Tuberculous arthritis (hist | edit) ‎[125 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Tuberculous arthritis|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:59._Tuberculous_arthritis}}") Tag: Visual edit
19:12, 11 September 2024 ‎47. Femoral head necrosis (hist | edit) ‎[121 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Osteonecrosis|orthopaedics hip}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:57._Femoral_head_necrosis}}") Tag: Visual edit
19:10, 11 September 2024 ‎45. Prognostic significance of septic hip conditions in newborn (hist | edit) ‎[178 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Neonatal septic arthritis of the hip|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:55._Prognostic_significance_of_septic_hip_conditions_in_newborn}}") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:09, 11 September 2024 ‎43. Recurrent dislocation of the patella (hist | edit) ‎[149 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Recurrent patellar dislocation|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:53._Recurrent_dislocation_of_the_patella}}") Tag: Visual edit
19:09, 11 September 2024 ‎40. Cervicobrachial syndrome (hist | edit) ‎[131 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Cervicobrachial syndrome|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:50._Cervicobrachial_syndrome}}") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:08, 11 September 2024 ‎33. Osteoarthritis of the elbow (hist | edit) ‎[130 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Elbow osteoarthritis|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:07, 11 September 2024 ‎31. Posttraumatic dystrophy (algodystrophy) of the bone (hist | edit) ‎[164 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Complex regional pain syndrome|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:07, 11 September 2024 ‎25. Limb Equalisation (hist | edit) ‎[117 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Limb equalisation|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:06, 11 September 2024 ‎23. Congenital Coxa Vara (hist | edit) ‎[123 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Congenital coxa vara|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:05, 11 September 2024 ‎19. Congenital torticollis (wry neck) (hist | edit) ‎[147 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Congenital muscular torticollis|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:04, 11 September 2024 ‎12. Chronic osteomyelitis (Garre, Brodie’s abscess) (hist | edit) ‎[153 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{#lst:Osteomyelitis|orthopaedics chronic}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
19:02, 11 September 2024 ‎10. Knee effusion, popliteal cysts (hist | edit) ‎[200 bytes] ‎Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "= Knee effusion = {{#lst:Knee effusion|orthopaedics}} = Popliteal cyst = {{#lst:Popliteal cyst|orthopaedics}} Category:Orthopaedics (POTE course) {{DEFAULTSORT:20._Knee_effusion,_popliteal_cysts}}") Tag: Visual edit