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13:22, 19 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (Created page with "'''Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography''' (MRCP) is a magnetic resonance imaging modality used to examine the biliary tree. It's a non-invasive modality that does not require contrast and is therefore frequently used in the evaluation of cholestasis and choledocholithiasis. If MRCP shows a stricture or obstruction of the biliary tract, an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is usually indicated to treat the problem. <noinclude>Catego...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
13:17, 19 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page ERCP (Redirected page to Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
12:06, 18 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (Created page with "'''Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography''' (ERCP) is an examination which combines upper endoscopy and fluoroscopy to visualise and treat pathology of the biliary tree and pancreatic ducts. It only rarely causes complications, but potential complications are severe, so ERCP is mostly used for treatment of pathology rather than for diagnosis, as MRCP is usually sufficient for diagnosis. ERCP allows for removal of any obstructing pathology, dilating...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
22:44, 15 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Colonoscopy (Created page with "'''Colonoscopy''' is the endoscopic examination of the rectum, colon, and distal ileum. It's the gold standard for evaluation of the large intestine. Colonoscopy is quite an uncomfortable procedure which requires difficult patient preparation. An alternative to colonoscopy is colonography. During colonoscopy, biopsy samples can be made and colonic polyps can be removed. == Indications == * Lower gastrointestinal bleeding * Screening for colorectal cancer...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
22:39, 15 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Colonography (Created page with "'''Colonography''' refers to radiographic imaging of the large intestine. CT colonography is the modality most frequently used. Colonoscopy is used more often than colonography for evaluation of the large intestine, as it allows for taking biopsy samples and removing polyps during the same procedure. CT colonography with insufflation of the large intestine with CO2 is also called '''virtual colonoscopy''' or '''CT colonoscopy'''. It avoids the uncomfortableness...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
22:20, 15 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 13. Imaging of the esophagus, stomach and small bowels. Methods, indications, imaging strategy. (Created page with "= Upper endoscopy = {{:Upper endoscopy}} = Other investigations of the oesophagus = {{:Diagnostic modalities of oesophageal disease}} = Investigations of the small intestine = {{:Enterography}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
22:16, 15 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Enterography (Created page with "'''Enterography''' refers to imaging of the small intestine. It may be performed with simple x-ray (often called just enterography), CT enterography, or MR enterography. == Indications == It may be used to evaluate for: * Ileus * Gastrointestinal perforation * Inflammation of the small bowel (in Crohn disease) * Intussiception/invagination of bowel in children ** Most commonly due to Meckel diverticulum, polyp, or tumour * Intestinal...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
22:10, 15 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Crohn disease (Redirected page to Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis)) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
21:57, 15 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Barium swallow (Redirected page to Diagnostic modalities of oesophageal disease#Barium swallow) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
12:11, 15 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Upper endoscopy (Created page with "'''Upper endoscopy''', also called oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) is a procedure which involves endoscopic examination of the entire upper GI-tract, the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum. It's a commonly used procedure which can be used to evaluate a variety of conditions in three different organs. It uses a flexible scope. == Indications == Upper endoscopy is used acutely in case of suspected acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Other indications include: *...") Tag: Visual edit
11:52, 5 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 12. Imaging in acute abdomen. (Created page with "{{#lst:Acute abdomen|radiology}} = eFAST = {{:eFAST}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
11:00, 5 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page EFAST (Created page with "{{DISPLAYTITLE:eFAST}} {{DEFAULTSORT:eFAST}} '''eFAST''' is a rapid (a few minutes) ultrasound protocol used in the context of blunt or penetrating trauma which can be used to identify free fluid in the peritoneum, which is presumably blood, as well as pneumothorax, haemothorax, or pleural effusion. It involves examining a certain set of abdominal and thoracic regions for free fluid. Order of...") Tag: Visual edit
10:46, 5 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Appendicitis (Redirected page to Acute appendicitis) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
10:45, 5 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Diverticulitis (Redirected page to Diverticular disease (diverticulosis and diverticulitis)) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
10:36, 5 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 11. Diseases of the aorta. Imaging methods, the role of CT and MRI. (Created page with "= Acute aortic syndrome = {{:Acute aortic syndrome}} = Aortic dissection = {{#lst:Aortic dissection|radiology}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
13:28, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Acute aortic syndrome (Created page with "'''Acute aortic syndrome''' (AAS) is a clinical syndrome caused by one of three life-threatening aortic pathologies which all have similar clinical features. These are: * Aortic dissection (70-80% of AAS) * Aortic intramural haemotoma * Penetratic aortic ulcer <noinclude>‎Category:Vascular surgery</noinclude>") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
13:24, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Arterial dissection (Created page with "'''Arterial dissection''' occurs when there defect in the arterial tunica intima, leading to blood entering a virtual space between the tunica intima and tunica media. This forms a so-called ''false lumen'' inside this space. Unlike what the image at the top of the page shows, the false lumen may become larger than the true lumen. Blood may flow out of the false lumen through a second intimal tear. The aorta is the artery most often affected by dissection, called aort...") Tag: Visual edit
13:22, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 10. Imaging of ischemic heart diseases and cardiac valve diseases. (Created page with "= Ischaemic heart disease = {{#lst:Ischaemic heart disease|radiology}} = Coronary angiography = {{:Coronary angiography}} = Aortic stenosis = {{#lst:Aortic stenosis|radiology}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
12:07, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Coronary angiography (Created page with "'''Coronary angiography''', usually called '''invasive coronary angiography''' or '''conventional coronary angiography''' to distinguish it from CT coronary angiography, is technique used to visualise the coronary arteries, usually in the evaluation of coronary artery disease. If a significant stenosis of the coronary arteries is seen on the angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention can be performed in the same procedure to...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
11:59, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Invasive coronary angiography (Redirected page to Coronary angiography) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
11:24, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 9. Diagnostic imaging of cardiac diseases. Methods, indications. Cardiomyopathies. Diseases of the pericardium. (Created page with "= Echocardiography = {{:Echocardiography}} = Cardiac CT = {{:Cardiac computed tomography}} = Cardiac MRI = {{:Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging}} = Chest x-ray = {{:Chest radiography}} = Pulmonary oedema = {{#lst:Pulmonary oedema|radiology}} = Pulmonary hypertension = {{#lst:Pulmonary hypertension|radiology}} = Dilated cardiomyopathy = {{#lst:Dilated cardiomyopathy|radiology}} = Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy = {{#lst:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy|radiology}} = Peric...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
11:00, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Left atrial enlargement (Created page with "<section begin="radiology" />'''Left atrial enlargement''' (LAE) is a consequence of increased left atrial pressure or volume over a longer period of time. This may be due to left-to-right shunt, hypertension, mitral regurgitation, or mitral stenosis.<section end="radiology" /> It is asymptomatic in itself, but the presence LAE increases the risk of atrial fibrillation, stroke, and HFpEF. <section begin="radiology" /> == Diagnosis and evaluation == [...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
10:51, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page HFpEF (Redirected page to Heart failure) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
10:43, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Tetralogy of Fallot (Created page with "<section begin="radiology" />'''Tetralogy of Fallot''' (ToF) is a cyanotic congenital heart disease caused by anterior displacement of the aorticopulmonary septum, causing unequal division of the truncus arteriosus. This causes four separate malformations, hence the name “tetralogy”: * Pulmonary infundibular stenosis (narrow right ventricular outflow tract) * Ventricular septal defect * An overriding aorta * Right ventricular hypertrophy <section end="radiology"...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
10:41, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Ebstein anomaly (Created page with "<section end="radiology" />'''Ebstein anomaly''' is a rare form of cyanotic congenital heart disease characterised by a downwards displacement of the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. This displaces the "border" between the right atrium and right ventricle inferiorly, making the right atrium larger and right ventricle smaller, a process called atrialisation.<section end="radiology" /> Depending on the exact pathology and...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
10:35, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Transposition of the great arteries (Created page with "<section begin="radiology" />'''Transposition of the great arteries''' or '''the great vessels''' is a cyanotic congenital heart disease characterised by the aorta arising from the right ventricle (rather than the left) and the pulmonary trunk arising from the left ventricle (rather than the right). This essentially creates two parallell circuits which are not connected. This is incompatible with life unless there is some intracardiac shunt, like patent ductus arte...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
10:25, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (Redirected page to Anomalous pulmonary venous return) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
10:25, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (Redirected page to Anomalous pulmonary venous return) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
10:24, 4 December 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Anomalous pulmonary venous return (Created page with "'''Anomalous pulmonary venous return''' refers to a form of rare cyanotic congenital heart disease characterised by som or all of the pulmonary venous return entering the systemic circulation through embryological connections. In case of '''total anomalous pulmonary venous return''' (TAPVR), the entire pulmonary venous return enters the systemic circulation, while in case of '''partial anomalous pulmonary venous return''' (PAPVR), only some of the pulmonary venous r...") Tag: Visual edit
14:49, 28 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Pericardial effusion (Created page with "'''Pericardial effusion''' refers to accumulation of pathological amounts of fluid in the pericardial cavity. In physiological cases there is 15-50 mL of fluid in the cavity. It may cause cardiac tamponade, which is an emergency. If the fluid is blood it's called haemopericardium. == Etiology == * Pericarditis * Tuberculosis * Following heart surgery * Thoracic injury * Metastasis == Pathomechanism == In cases where the fluid accumulates quickly, only small amount...") Tag: Visual edit
13:13, 28 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Chest X-ray (Redirected page to Chest radiography) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
12:08, 28 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Pulmonary hypertension (Created page with "<section begin="radiology" />'''Pulmonary hypertension''' (PH) is defined as elevated blood pressure beyond 20 mmHg MAP in the pulmonary artery (physiological MAP is 10-20). It most commonly occurs as a consequence of heart disease or lung disease. '''Pulmonary arterial hypertension''' (PAH) is one form of pulmonary hypertension which is not due to the above. Pulmonary hypertension is relatively common, the prevalence being approximately 1%, mostly due to the high prev...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
11:41, 28 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Pretest probability (Redirected page to Pre-test probability) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
22:07, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Pulmonary oedema (Created page with "'''Pulmonary oedema''' refers to accumulation of fluid in the alveoli. == Etiology == We distinguish cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic causes of pulmonary oedema: * Cardiogenic causes ** Acute heart failure ** Acute aortic stenosis ** Acute mitral regurgitation * Non-cardiogenic causes ** Acute respiratory distress syndrome ** High altitude ** Vaping products ** Opioid overdose == Pathomechanism == In cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, elevated pulmonary...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
21:44, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Cardiac computed tomography (Created page with "'''Cardiac CT''' is a frequently performed modality for the evaluation of coronary artery disease. Commonly used techniques include coronary CT angiography and calcium scoring. A beta blocker and nitrate are usually given beforehand. The beta blocker reduces the heart rate to the ideal 60 bpm, while the nitrate dilates the coronary arteries, improving visualisation. Cardiac CT can be “coupled” to an ECG so that it only takes pictures during the same...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
21:21, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (Created page with "'''Cardiac MRI''' (sometimes called CMR) is an infrequently used modality in the evaluation of heart disease. It's mostly used for the evaluation of myocardium, either in case of myocarditis or evaluation of complications of acute myocardial infarction. It can measure ejection fraction and volume of the myocardium, among other parametres. <noinclude>Category:Cardiology Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)</noinclude>") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
21:15, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page MRI (Redirected page to Magnetic resonance imaging) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
21:11, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Echocardiography (Created page with "'''Echocardiography''' refers to the use of ultrasonography to evaluate the heart. With the help of duplex ultrasonography, one can estimate the pressure gradient across valves, the speed of blood through valves, and the pressure of the pulmonary vasculature. There are two types: * Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) ** Least invasive ** Easiest to do ** Usually the first choice ** What one usually means when they just say "echocardiography" * Transoesophageal ech...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
20:56, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 8. Interstitial pulmonary diseases. Pulmonary fibrosis. Silicosis. Emphysema. (Created page with "= Interstitial lung disease = {{#lst:Interstitial lung disease|radiology}} = COPD = {{#lst:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|radiology}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
20:45, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Interstitial lung disease (Created page with "<section begin="radiology" />'''Interstitial lung disease''' (ILD), also called '''diffuse parenchymal lung disease''', is a group of disorders characterised by fibrosis of the lungs. There are many different types. The name implies that these disorders only affect the interstitium of the lung and not the parenchyma (the airways and alveoli), but many of these disorders affect the parenchyma as well. It's more common in males, but ILD is rare overall. == Etiology == Th...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
13:54, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 7. Pneumothorax and hydrothorax. Etiology, radiologic characteristics. (Created page with "= Pneumothorax = {{#lst:Pneumothorax|radiology}} = Pleural effusion = {{:Pleural effusion}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
13:50, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Pleural effusion (Created page with "'''Pleural effusion''', also called '''hydrothorax''', refers to the presence of fluid in the pleural cavity. If visible on a chest radiograph, there are at least 100 mL of fluid. If there is simultaneous pneumothorax, the condition is called '''hydropneumothorax'''. == Etiology and types == * Types according to composition and cause ** Transudates (hydrothorax/HTX) *** Heart failure *** Hypoalbuminaemia **** Cirrhosis **** Nephrotic syndrome ** Exuda...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
13:43, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Hydrothorax (Redirected page to Pleural effusion) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
13:31, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 6. Pulmonary embolism. Diagnosis and diagnostic difficulties. (Created page with "{{#lst:Pulmonary embolism|radiology}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
13:20, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 5. Thoracic masses. Imaging strategy, differential diagnosis. (Created page with "= Lung masses = {{:Lung nodule and lung mass}} = Mediastinal tumours = {{:Mediastinal tumour}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
12:14, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 4. Imaging of pneumonias. (Created page with "{{#lst:Pneumonia|radiology}}") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
12:11, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 3. Fundamentals of ultrasound physics. Ultrasound methods. Patient preparation before examination. (Created page with "{{:Ultrasonography}} Category:Clinical Radiology (POTE course)") Tag: Visual edit
12:08, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page X-ray (Redirected page to Radiography) Tags: New redirect Visual edit
12:08, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Lung nodule and lung mass (Created page with "* Lung anatomy ** Primary lung lobule *** Not so important in radiology ** '''Secondary lung lobule''' *** Represent a cluster of up to 30 acini supplied by a common distal pulmonary artery and bronchiole *** Have polyhedral shape *** '''Bounded by intralobular septa''' **** '''Are visible as Kerley B lines in pulmonary oedema''' * Lung mass < 3 cm = nodule * Lung mass > 3 cm = mass * Modalities ** X-ray ** CT ** PET * Benign vs malignant ** Characteristics of benign mas...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
12:06, 27 November 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page Lung mass (Redirected page to Lung nodule and lung mass) Tags: New redirect Visual edit