All public logs

Combined display of all available logs of greek.doctor. You can narrow down the view by selecting a log type, the username (case-sensitive), or the affected page (also case-sensitive).

13:51, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Neuromuscular junction figure.png
13:50, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 14. Muscarinic receptor antagonists (Created page with "== Effects of muscarinic receptor antagonists == The muscarinic receptor antagonists have the following effects (mostly the opposite of the parasympathetic system): * Mydriasis, increased intraocular pressure, cycloplegia (they block accommodation), decreased tear secretion, photophobia * Tachycardia * Bronchodilation, decreased bronchial secretion * Decreased gastrointestinal secretion, decreased motility and peristalsis, constriction of sphincters * Relaxation of detr...") Tag: Visual edit
13:49, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 13. Cholinergic agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors (Created page with "== Overview of drugs == {| class="wikitable" !Direct-acting cholinergic agonists !Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (indirect-acting cholinergic agonists) !Irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors !Acetylcholinesterase reactivator |- |Bethanechol |Edrophonium |Echothiophate |Pralidoxime |- |Carbachol |Donepezil |Hexaethyl tetraphosphate | |- |Cevimeline |Galantamine |Malathion | |- |Pilocarpine |Neostigmine |Parathion | |- | |Physostigmine | | |- | |Pyridostigmine | |...") Tag: Visual edit
13:44, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 12. Drug research and development (Created page with "How do scientists get ideas for new drugs? In some cases (like opium), they can look to substances that have been used naturally for a long time and use or modify them to suit other needs. However, in most cases, drug development begins by systematically searching for a new molecule that has certain effects. Drug developers can look to already existing drugs and try to modify them to create a new drug with similar, but better effects, or they can try to make molecules th...") Tag: Visual edit
13:41, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 11. Drug formulations. Prescription writing (Created page with "= Drug formulations = Drug formulations are different ways to administer drugs, like intravenous, by tablet, by eyedrops, etc. They have different advantages and disadvantages. === Oral medication === All oral medications are taken by mouth and most are also swallowed. Their advantages: * Convenient * Economical Their disadvantages * Nausea, vomiting * Irritation of gastric mucosa * Unpleasant taste or smell * Drugs must be absorbed via GIT -> needs time, can vary b...") Tag: Visual edit
13:39, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Sample prescription.png
13:39, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Sample prescription.png
13:35, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Inhaler for aerosol.png
13:35, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Inhaler for aerosol.png
13:33, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Intravenous infusion set.png
13:33, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Intravenous infusion set.png
13:32, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Soft capsules.png
13:32, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Soft capsules.png
13:32, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Hard capsule.png
13:32, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Hard capsule.png
13:31, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Types of tablets.png
13:31, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Types of tablets.png
13:28, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 10. Pharmacokinetics: zero and first order elimination kinetics, elimination half-life, volume of distribution, clearance, maintenance dose, loading dose, oral bioavailability (Created page with "== Summary == * If a drug follows first order elimination the rate of its elimination depends on the plasma concentration of the drug ** This is because the mechanisms which eliminate the drug are not saturated ** Almost all drugs follow first order kinetics * If a drug follows zero order elimination the rate of its elimination is constant ** This is because the mechanisms which eliminate the drug are saturated ** Ethanol and salicylates follow zero order kinetics ** Et...") Tag: Visual edit
13:26, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Oral administration of a multiple doses of 100 mg of a drug.png
13:26, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Oral administration of a multiple doses of 100 mg of a drug.png
13:25, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Oral administration of two doses of a 400mg of a drug 1.png
13:25, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Oral administration of two doses of a 400mg of a drug 1.png
13:25, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Plasma concentration over time after oral drug administration.png
13:25, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Plasma concentration over time after oral drug administration.png
13:21, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Plasma concentration over time after first order elimination.png
13:21, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Plasma concentration over time after first order elimination.png
13:18, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:One compartment model.png
13:18, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:One compartment model.png
13:17, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Zero-order kinetics with arithmetic y-axis.png
13:17, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Zero-order kinetics with arithmetic y-axis.png
13:16, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:First-order elimination with arithmetic y-axis.png
13:16, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:First-order elimination with arithmetic y-axis.png
13:15, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 9. Excretion of drugs (Created page with "== Summary == * Drugs can be excreted mainly by renal excretion or by biliary excretion * Drugs with renal excretion above 100 mL/min are secreted to some extent * The excretion of weak acidic drugs can be enhanced by administering NaHCO3 * The excretion of weak basic drugs can be enhanced by administering NH4Cl == Drug elimination == ''When we talk about elimination of drugs we focus on the parent drug. That means that excretion and biotransformation of the parent dru...") Tag: Visual edit
13:14, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Clearance ladle figure.png
13:14, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Clearance ladle figure.png
13:13, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 8. Biotransformation of drugs (Created page with "== Summary == * The body metabolizes drugs in two steps; phase I and phase II * Phase I, where the drug is oxidized, reduced or hydrolysed to yield an -OH group ** The most important enzymes in phase I reactions are the CYP450 enzymes, monoamine oxidase, alcohol dehydrogenase, etc * Phase II, where the enzyme attaches a chemical group to the -OH group on the drug ** The important enzymes here are ''transferases'', enzymes which conjugate the drug with a chemical group *...") Tag: Visual edit
13:12, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Biotransformation of paracetamol.png
13:12, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Biotransformation of paracetamol.png
13:10, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Mechanisms of biotransformation.png
13:10, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Mechanisms of biotransformation.png
13:07, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 7. Distribution of drugs (Created page with "== Summary == * Certain drugs are bound to proteins in the plasma, mostly albumin * Drugs that have extensive plasma protein binding have: ** Delayed onset of effect ** Longer duration * Volume of distribution (Vd) illustrates where in the body the drug is distributed (i.e. only in plasma, in plasma and interstitium, plasma + interstitium + intracellular or inside tissues) ** The higher the Vd value for the drug, the more fluid spaces the drug distributes itself into **...") Tag: Visual edit
13:07, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:Volume of distribution per drug.png
13:07, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:Volume of distribution per drug.png
13:03, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 6. Absorption of drugs (Created page with "== Summary == * The following factors influence <abbr>GI</abbr> tract absorption: GI motility, gastric emptying, luminal pH, the presence of food together with the drug * Drugs which are weak acids (aspirin) are absorbed in the stomach * Drugs which are weak bases (amphetamine) are absorbed in small intestine * Absorption of lipophilic drugs increases with a fat-rich meal * Hydrophilic drugs must be absorbed with fascilitated diffusion * Calcium intake impairs absorptio...") Tag: Visual edit
13:02, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:First pass metabolism red and blue.png
13:02, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:First pass metabolism red and blue.png
13:00, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page File:First pass metabolism figure 1.png
13:00, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs uploaded File:First pass metabolism figure 1.png
12:57, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 5. Transport of drugs across membranes (Created page with "Drugs are transported across membranes all the time. They can either diffuse freely across the lipid matrix or they can be carried across the membrane by specific transporters. Let’s look at them. ''Very few drugs travel across membranes by aquaporins and endocytosis, but they’re not that important and I’ll ignore them.'' ''You don’t need to know any of the drug examples here for pharmacology 1, however you should know some for the final exam. You probably don...") Tag: Visual edit
12:56, 16 March 2023 Nikolas talk contribs created page 4. Mechanisms of drug antagonisms (Created page with "== Summary == * Competitive antagonism is when the antagonist binds to the same binding site on the receptor as the agonist or endogenous ligand. This binding can be reversible or irreversible. * Allosteric antagonism is when the antagonist binds to an allosteric binding site on the receptor, decreasing the effect of the agonist * Antagonism by inhibiton of signal transduction is when the antagonist inhibits the signal transduction pathway of the agonist * Functional an...") Tag: Visual edit