Meniscus tears
- The menisci equalise the weight load on the joints, and stabilizes the joint
- Medial meniscus is more commonly injured than the lateral
- Etiology
- Trauma (in young people)
- Axial loading of the knee + rotation
- Degenerative disease
- Trauma (in young people)
- Location of tear
- White zone
- The inner third
- Avascular part of meniscus
- Red-white zone
- Middle third
- Poorly vascularized
- Red zone
- Outer third
- Well vascularized
- White zone
- Types of tear
- Bucket handle tear
- Flap tear
- Transverse tear
- Torn horn tear
- Clinical features
- Pain on lateral or medial side
- Tenderness on the joint line
- Knee instability
- Popping or clicking with movement
- Slowly developing knee effusion
- Diagnosis
- MRI
- Gold standard
- McMurray test
- Steinman test
- Apley test
- MRI
- Treatment
- Conservative
- Surgical repair with arthroscopy