22. Glioblastoma

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Revision as of 22:40, 3 November 2022 by Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Staining''': HE '''Organ''': Brain '''Description''': There are four important characteristics in glioblastomas: * Severe atypia * Many mitotic figures * Pseudopalisading necrosis * Microvascular proliferation Microvascular proliferation is a phenomenon where the tumor contains small capillaries who are irregular and are comprised of atypical endothelial cells. Pseudopalisading necrosis is a phenomenon where the tumor contains areas of necrosis, and this necrosi...")
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Staining: HE

Organ: Brain

Description:

There are four important characteristics in glioblastomas:

  • Severe atypia
  • Many mitotic figures
  • Pseudopalisading necrosis
  • Microvascular proliferation

Microvascular proliferation is a phenomenon where the tumor contains small capillaries who are irregular and are comprised of atypical endothelial cells.

Pseudopalisading necrosis is a phenomenon where the tumor contains areas of necrosis, and this necrosis is surrounded by hypercellular regions.

Diagnosis: Glioblastoma

Risk factors:

  • Age 50 – 70

Theory:

Glioblastoma is a grade IV astrocytic tumor that is defined histologically be the four characteristics described above. It must be differentiated from anaplastic astrocytoma, a grade III astrocytic tumor. Anaplastic astrocytoma also shows severe atypia and many mitotic figures but no pseudopalisading necrosis or microvascular proliferation.

Overview
Pseudopalisading necrosis. The hypercellular regions form a “fence” around the necrosis.
Tumor cells show severe atypia and there are many mitotic figures present.
Tumor on the left, showing microvascular proliferation. Normal brain parenchyme on the right for comparison.