25. Wilms tumor

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Wilms tumour prep

Organ: Kidney

Description: A greyish, lobulated tumor with no well-defined border can be seen.

Diagnosis: Wilms tumor = nephroblastoma

Causes:

  • Sporadic (majority)
  • Genetic syndromes like WAGR syndrome, Denys-Drash syndrome

Theory:

Wilms tumor is the most common malignant kidney tumor in childhood, although it can occur in adulthood as well. The tumor is triphasic, meaning it has three different “parts” histologically:

  1. Epithelial part
  2. Stromal part
  3. Blastema part

The blastema part is the most important clinically. A higher proportion of the blastema part compared to the other parts equals a poorer diagnosis. The greyish foci can be necrosis but it’s impossible to know for sure without histology.