5 – Cerebral palsy

17. Infantile cerebral palsy

• Risk factors
  • Preterm birth
  • TORCH
  • Brain damage
  • Alcohol
• Types of CP
  • Spastic CP
    • Most common
    • Spastic paralysis occurs
  • Ataxic CP
  • Athetoid CP
• Clinical features
  • Hyperlordosis
  • Knee joint
    • Flexion contracture
  • Hip joint
    • Hip dislocation
    • Flexion contracture
    • Adduction contracture
  • Equinovarus and planovalgus deformity of feet
  • Scissor gait (legs cross while walking)
• Treatment
  • Conservative
    • Physiotherapy
    • Bracing
    • Intramuscular botox – reduces spasticity
    • Spasmolytics
  • Surgery
    • In case of severe contractures
    • Various orthopaedic procedures