29. Purulent meningitis: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "'''Organ''': Brain + meninges '''Description''': The meninges are the thin fibrous layer on top of the brain. The veins on the surface of the brain are dilated. In the middle of the preparation, under the meninges can some white fluid be seen. '''Diagnosis''': Purulent meningitis '''Causes''': * Bacterial infection * In infants: E. coli * In other age groups: ** Meningococcus ** Pneumococcus ** Listeria (rare) '''Theory''': Purulent meningitis is a type of purulen...")
 
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Purulent meningitis is a type of purulent acute inflammation. It’s also an empyema because the exudate is inside the subarachnoid space, which is a normal anatomical space. The exudate is comprised of pus comprised of neutrophils, bacteria and dead tissue. The veins are dilated because of the inflammation.
Purulent meningitis is a type of purulent acute inflammation. It’s also an empyema because the exudate is inside the subarachnoid space, which is a normal anatomical space. The exudate is comprised of pus comprised of neutrophils, bacteria and dead tissue. The veins are dilated because of the inflammation.


Symptoms are:
Symptoms include severe headache, fever, stiff neck, photophobia, altered mental status, and sepsis.


* Severe headache
If the purulent meningitis is caused by the meningococcus bacteria and the patient develops sepsis the patient may develop a complication called Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome (WFS). The endotoxins produced by the meningococcus causes haemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands. The glands cannot produce hormones anymore, and the lack of aldosterone production disrupts the fluid and ion regulation in the body which can cause death.
* Fever
* Stiff neck
* Photophobia
* Sepsis
 
If the purulent meningitis is caused by the meningococcus bacteria and the patient develops sepsis will the patient develop a complication called Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome (WFS). The endotoxins produced by the meningococcus causes haemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands. The glands cannot produce hormones anymore, and the lack of aldosterone production disrupts the fluid and ion regulation in the body which can cause death.
[[File:Purulent meningitis prep.jpg|center|thumb|Purulent meningitis prep. The area marked with pen is where the pus is present.]]
[[File:Purulent meningitis prep.jpg|center|thumb|Purulent meningitis prep. The area marked with pen is where the pus is present.]]
[[Category:Pathology 1 - Macropreparations]]
[[Category:Pathology 1 - Macropreparations]]

Revision as of 17:42, 27 June 2024

Organ: Brain + meninges

Description:

The meninges are the thin fibrous layer on top of the brain. The veins on the surface of the brain are dilated. In the middle of the preparation, under the meninges can some white fluid be seen.

Diagnosis: Purulent meningitis

Causes:

  • Bacterial infection
  • In infants: E. coli
  • In other age groups:
    • Meningococcus
    • Pneumococcus
    • Listeria (rare)

Theory:

Purulent meningitis is a type of purulent acute inflammation. It’s also an empyema because the exudate is inside the subarachnoid space, which is a normal anatomical space. The exudate is comprised of pus comprised of neutrophils, bacteria and dead tissue. The veins are dilated because of the inflammation.

Symptoms include severe headache, fever, stiff neck, photophobia, altered mental status, and sepsis.

If the purulent meningitis is caused by the meningococcus bacteria and the patient develops sepsis the patient may develop a complication called Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome (WFS). The endotoxins produced by the meningococcus causes haemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands. The glands cannot produce hormones anymore, and the lack of aldosterone production disrupts the fluid and ion regulation in the body which can cause death.

Purulent meningitis prep. The area marked with pen is where the pus is present.