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Ankle fractures and sprains: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "<section begin="traumatology" />Ankle injuries are one of the most common causes of presentation to primary care and emergency departments. They may be purely ligamentous ('''ankle sprain''') or involve bone ('''ankle fractures'''). Ankle sprains are more common and less serious than ankle fractures. A syndesmotic sprain is one in which syndesmotic structures (which are critical to ankle stability) are injured. Most ankle fractures affect one or both malleoli. A pilon...") |
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<section begin="traumatology" />Ankle injuries are one of the most common causes of presentation to primary care and emergency departments. They | <section begin="traumatology" />Ankle injuries are one of the most common causes of presentation to primary care and emergency departments. They are common injuries and include '''ankle sprain''' (only ligaments involved) and '''ankle fractures''' (broken bones). Rolling or twisting the ankle is the most common cause. Symptoms include pain, tenderness, swelling, and discoloration. The Ottawa ankle rules are used to determine which patients require X-ray to rule out fracture. Most ankle fractures affect one or both malleoli. | ||
Ankle | Ankle fractures are classified according to Weber, according to the location of the fracture line relative to the syndesmosis. Fractures usually cause inability to bear weight. Stable ankle fractures are treated conservatively with cast. Unstable fractures are treated with ORIF. | ||
A pilon fracture is a special form of ankle fracture of the distal tibia which is intra-articular. Pilon fractures often occur together with fibular fractures. | Ankle sprains are more common and less serious than ankle fractures. A syndesmotic sprain is one in which syndesmotic structures (which are critical to ankle stability) are injured. Ankle sprains are mostly treated conservatively. | ||
A '''pilon fracture''' is a special form of ankle fracture of the distal tibia which is intra-articular. It is caused by axial forces on the ankle. These fractures are severe and may also cause ankle deformity. These fractures are often treated surgically. Pilon fractures often occur together with fibular fractures. | |||
A Maisonneuve fracture is the combination of a medial malleolar fracture, a proximal fibular fracture, a tear of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis, and the interosseus membrane. | A Maisonneuve fracture is the combination of a medial malleolar fracture, a proximal fibular fracture, a tear of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis, and the interosseus membrane. | ||