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Peptic ulcer disease: Difference between revisions
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== Complications == | == Complications == | ||
Peptic ulcers may [[Gastrointestinal bleeding|bleed]], obstruct the gastric outlet, or perforate. Perforated ulcers are the most common cause of GI perforation and cause [[peritonitis]]. Duodenal ulcers may penetrate through the wall into adjacent organs, forming fistulas. | Peptic ulcers may [[Gastrointestinal bleeding|bleed]], obstruct the gastric outlet, or perforate. Perforated ulcers are the most common cause of [[Gastrointestinal perforation|GI perforation]] and cause [[peritonitis]]. Duodenal ulcers may penetrate through the wall into adjacent organs, forming fistulas. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment involves treating the underlying cause, removing risk factors, and giving [[PPI|PPIs]]. | Treatment involves treating the underlying cause, removing risk factors, and giving [[PPI|PPIs]]. In case of bleeding, haemostasis can be achieved endoscopically. | ||
Surgical treatment is necessary for the treatment of complications like perforation, bleeding (if endoscopic haemostasis fails), pyloric stenosis, cases which don’t respond to conservative therapy, or if malignancy is discovered. | Surgical treatment is necessary for the treatment of complications like perforation, bleeding (if endoscopic haemostasis fails), pyloric stenosis, cases which don’t respond to conservative therapy, or if malignancy is discovered. | ||
Perforations and bleeding ulcers may be simply sutured or closed with a patch, or they may be treated with partial gastric resection and reconstruction surgeries like Roux-en-Y (or, in the past, Billroth I or Billroth II). Many years ago, vagotomy was performed to reduce the production of stomach acid. | Perforations and bleeding ulcers may be simply sutured or closed with a patch, or they may be treated with partial [[gastric resection]] and reconstruction surgeries like Roux-en-Y (or, in the past, Billroth I or Billroth II). Many years ago, vagotomy was performed to reduce the production of stomach acid. | ||
Many complications may occur after gastric resection: | Many complications may occur after gastric resection: | ||
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* Maldigestion | * Maldigestion | ||
* [[Vitamin B12 deficiency|B12 deficiency]] | * [[Vitamin B12 deficiency|B12 deficiency]] | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | <noinclude>[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category:Gastrointestinal surgery]] | [[Category:Gastrointestinal surgery]]</noinclude> | ||