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38. Antineoplastic drugs: Cytotoxic drugs: Difference between revisions
38. Antineoplastic drugs: Cytotoxic drugs (view source)
Revision as of 12:08, 18 April 2023
, 18 April 2023no edit summary
(Created page with "Cytotoxic drugs inhibit division of tumor cells and induce their apoptosis, usually by damaging DNA or interfering with mitosis. They’re more effective against rapidly dividing tumor cells. Alkylating agents like cyclophosphamide alkylates and damages DNA. Antimetabolites like methotrexate are structurally similar to important metabolites and can be incorporated into DNA or damage DNA in other ways. Cytotoxic antibiotics like doxorubicin inhibit topoisomerase II and d...") |
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== Alkylating agents == | == Alkylating agents == | ||
[[File:MoA of alkylating agents.png|thumb|381x381px|Mechanism of action of alkylating agents]] | |||
These drugs are the most commonly used cytostatic drugs. | These drugs are the most commonly used cytostatic drugs. | ||
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== Folate analogues == | == Folate analogues == | ||
[[File:MoA of thymidylate synthetase.png|thumb|369x369px|Mechanism of action of thymidylate synthetase. Tetrahydrofolate carries a methyl group to dUMP, converting it to dTMP.]] | |||
Folate (folic acid, vitamin B9) itself doesn’t have any function, but it is converted (by reduction) into dihydrofolate (DHF or FH2) and then again to tetrahydrofolate (THF or FH4). Tetrahydrofolate is important in biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are important components of DNA. | Folate (folic acid, vitamin B9) itself doesn’t have any function, but it is converted (by reduction) into dihydrofolate (DHF or FH2) and then again to tetrahydrofolate (THF or FH4). Tetrahydrofolate is important in biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are important components of DNA. | ||