Herpes simplex virus infection

Revision as of 20:10, 15 July 2024 by Nikolas (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{:Stub}} <section begin="dermatology" />* Herpes viruses ** α herpes viruses *** Lie latent in sensory ganglia neurons *** Replicate quickly *** Herpes simplex 1 *** Herpes simplex 2 *** Varicella zoster virus ** β herpes viruses *** Lie latent in leukocytes *** Human herpes virus 6 – roseola infantum/sixth disease *** Human herpes virus 7 *** CMV ** γ herpes viruses *** Lie latent in lymphocytes *** Human herpes virus 8 *** <abbr>EBV</abbr> *** Are oncogenic * HS...")
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  • Herpes viruses
    • α herpes viruses
      • Lie latent in sensory ganglia neurons
      • Replicate quickly
      • Herpes simplex 1
      • Herpes simplex 2
      • Varicella zoster virus
    • β herpes viruses
      • Lie latent in leukocytes
      • Human herpes virus 6 – roseola infantum/sixth disease
      • Human herpes virus 7
      • CMV
    • γ herpes viruses
      • Lie latent in lymphocytes
      • Human herpes virus 8
      • EBV
      • Are oncogenic
  • HSV infections
    • Labial herpes
      • On lips
      • HSV-1 in 90%
      • HSV-2 in 10%
      • Clinical features
        • Prodromal symptoms – 24 hours before outbreak
          • Pain
          • tingling
          • Burning
        • Recurring, erythematous vesicles that turn into painful ulcerations
      • Complications
        • Herpetic gingivostomatitis
          • In children and immunocompromised
          • Often the primary infection
          • Erythema, painful ulceration on perioral skin and oral mucosa
    • Genital herpes
      • On genital organs
      • HSV-2 in most cases
      • HSV-1 rarely
      • Incubation period – 2 – 7 days
      • Clinical features
        • Many are asymptomatic
        • Painful lymphadenopathy
        • Vesicles that ulcerate
    • Eczema herpeticum
      • HSV-1, HSV-2
      • On pre-existing skin conditions
        • Atopic dermatitis
      • Extensive disseminated and painful eruptions on head and upper body
      • Erythematous skin with multiple, round vesicles
      • It’s an emergency
      • Treatment -> IV acyclovir
    • Herpetic whitlow
      • In children and healthcare workers who come into contact with saliva
      • Direct contact with infected saliva through a break in the skin
      • Pain, burning, oedema in finger
      • Lymphadenopathy
    • Treatment
      • Decreases duration and severity
      • Most effective if initiated within 72 hours
      • Mild disease
        • Oral acyclovir (5 x 800mg for 10 days)
      • Severe disease
        • IV acyclovir
      • Acyclovir-resistance -> foscarnet