Cancer
This article is a stub, meaning that it is unfinished. It will eventually be expanded.
Cancer is a group of diseases characterised by abnormal and increased cell growth. Cancers are common and deadly diseases.
Cancer biology
- Etiological factors contributing to cancer development
- Environmental exposure
- Asbestos -> mesothelioma, RCC
- Formaldehyde -> nose and nasopharyngeal cc
- Radiation
- Those with childhood leukaemia often develop solid tumours 10 – 20 years after the radiotherapy
- Lifestyle problems
- Smoking -> lung cancer, head and neck cancer
- Alcohol -> head and neck cancer, oesophageal cancer
- Alimentary factors
- Obesity, diabetes -> CRC
- Hygienic problems
- -> cancer of glans penis
- Infections
- HPV -> cervical cc
- EBV -> nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Aflatoxin -> HCC
- Hormonal effects
- Oestrogen -> breast cc, endometrial cc
- Testosterone -> prostate cc
- Genetic background
- BCL/ABL => CML
- APC => CRC
- Environmental exposure
- Biological factors contributing to cancer development
- Trouble in communication between cells
- Absence of contact inhibition
- Uncontrolled growth and cell dividing
- Omitting the integrity of neighbouring cells, tissues and organs
- Neo-vascularization and aberrant blood vessels
- The possibility of penetrating blood vessels
- Disturbing the metabolic activity of the organ
- Evolving paraneoplastic symptoms