Basal cell carcinoma
- Most common skin cancer
- Related to mutations in the hedgehog pathway
- Risk factors
- Chronic sun exposure
- Old age
- Skin types I and II
- Clinical features
- Pearly papule or nodule
- Rolled border
- Central crater of ulceration
- On sun-exposed skin
- Usually upper lip/nose area
- Slow growing
- Types
- Nodular BCC
- Most common type
- Superficial BCC
- On trunk
- Flat plaque lesion
- Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
- Nodular BCC
- Prognosis
- Virtually never metastasizes
- Locally aggressive
- Diagnosis
- Full-thickness biopsy -> histology
- Treatment
- Surgical excision
- Irradiation
- Mohs micrographic surgery
- Hedgehog pathway inhibitors
- For low-risk, spf BCC
- Photodynamic therapy
- Cryotherapy
- 5-FU
- Imiquimod cream
- Follow-up
- Physical examination at 3, 6, 12 months
- Sun protection