33. Intravascular radiologic interventions I. Methods of revascularization (PTA, stent implantation, selective thrombolysis, catheter thrombectomy/embolectomy).
- Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
- Indications
- Coronary artery disease
- Peripheral artery disease
- A deflated balloon attached to a catheter is passed into a narrowed vessel
- -> the balloon is inflated -> opens the vessel
- A stent can be placed where the vessel was narrowed to keep it open
- Stent can be made of
- Steel
- Gold
- Nickel-titanium
- (NOT wolfram)
- Indications
- Selective thrombolysis/fibrinolysis
- A catheter is directed close to a thrombus
- Fibrinolytics are ejected through the catheter, lysing the thrombus
- Catheter thrombectomy/embolectomy
- A catheter is directed to a thrombus and removes it
- Transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS)
- Treats portal hypertension
- A shunt is made between a hepatic vein and portal vein, allowing some portal blood flow to bypass the liver
- This decreases portal hypertension