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Kidney stone disease: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "<section begin="radiology" />'''Kidney stone disease''', also called '''nephrolithiasis''' or '''urolithiasis''', refers to the presence of kidney stones in the urinary tract. When stones are present in the ureter it may be called '''ureterolithiasis''', while stones in the bladder are usually simply called '''bladder stones''' or '''bladder calculi'''. It's a relatively common condition, with a lifetime prevalence of 10 - 20 percent.<section end="radiology" /> Many hav...") |
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<section begin="radiology" />'''Kidney stone disease''', also called '''nephrolithiasis''' or '''urolithiasis''', refers to the presence of kidney stones in the urinary tract. When stones are present in the ureter it may be called '''ureterolithiasis''', while stones in the bladder are usually simply called '''bladder stones''' or '''bladder calculi'''. It's a relatively common condition, with a lifetime prevalence of 10 - 20 percent.<section end="radiology" /> | <section begin="urology colic" /><section begin="radiology" />'''Kidney stone disease''', also called '''nephrolithiasis''' or '''urolithiasis''', refers to the presence of kidney stones in the urinary tract. When stones are present in the ureter it may be called '''ureterolithiasis''', while stones in the bladder are usually simply called '''bladder stones''' or '''bladder calculi'''. It's a relatively common condition, with a lifetime prevalence of 10 - 20 percent.<section end="radiology" /> | ||
Many have asymptomatic kidney stones, but these stones can cause [[Obstructive uropathy|urinary obstruction (obstructive uropathy)]] and resulting damage to the kidney, as well as episodes of severe pain. | Many have asymptomatic kidney stones, but these stones can cause [[Obstructive uropathy|urinary obstruction (obstructive uropathy)]] and resulting damage to the kidney, as well as episodes of severe pain.<section end="urology colic" /> | ||
== Pathology == | == Pathology == | ||
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The pain associated with kidney stones is thought to occur due to distension of the kidney capsule due to urinary obstruction and due to ureteric spasm. | The pain associated with kidney stones is thought to occur due to distension of the kidney capsule due to urinary obstruction and due to ureteric spasm. | ||
<section begin="urology colic" /> | |||
== Clinical features == | == Clinical features == | ||
Kidney stones may be asymptomatic, especially if they are in the renal pelvis. | Kidney stones may be asymptomatic, especially if they are in the renal pelvis. | ||
=== Renal colic === | === Renal colic === | ||
When a kidney stone passes from the renal pelvis into the ureter, it may get stuck. This causes episodes of severe flank pain. This pain is typically colicky, meaning that it starts and stops abruptly. There may be visible [[haematuria]]. The pain may radiate to the ipsilateral testicle or labium. The patient usually has a severe urge to move. | When a kidney stone passes from the renal pelvis into the ureter, it may get stuck. This causes episodes of severe flank pain. This pain is typically colicky, meaning that it starts and stops abruptly. There may be visible [[haematuria]]. The pain may radiate to the ipsilateral testicle or labium. The patient usually has a severe urge to move.<section end="urology colic" /> | ||
=== Other pain === | === Other pain === | ||