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Pneumonia: Difference between revisions
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In atypical pneumonia, the symptoms are usually non-specific like nausea, muscle aches, etc., rather than pulmonary. Atypical pneumonia can cause less severe pulmonary symptoms, as well as extrapulmonary symptoms like diarrhoea, hepatosplenomegaly, etc. | In atypical pneumonia, the symptoms are usually non-specific like nausea, muscle aches, etc., rather than pulmonary. Atypical pneumonia can cause less severe pulmonary symptoms, as well as extrapulmonary symptoms like diarrhoea, hepatosplenomegaly, etc. | ||
<section begin="radiology" /> | <section begin="radiology" /> | ||
== Pathophysiology == | |||
Pneumonia causes [[hypoxaemia]] (type I [[respiratory failure]]) due to V/Q mismatching. When part of the lung becomes consolidated, that part of the lung receives no ventilation, but it still receives perfusion, causing a ventilation/perfusion mismatch. This effectively forms a shunt, where part of the blood is not oxygenated in the lung. | |||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
In CAP, imaging and microbiology are not necessary, and the condition is rather diagnosed based on clinical features. In nosocomial pneumonia, imaging and microbiology is important judge the severity and to target the treatment. | In CAP, imaging and microbiology are not necessary, and the condition is rather diagnosed based on clinical features. In nosocomial pneumonia, imaging and microbiology is important judge the severity and to target the treatment. | ||